3D rendering of the skull of Eurycea spelaea
(A) with bony otic capsule removed to show the otic endocast. (B) Placement of landmarks 1–11 and sliding semilandmarks on the right otic capsule endocast of the inner ear in dorsal (left), lateral (middle) and medial (right) views. Placement of landmarks 1 and 5 are indicated at the center of a circumscribed ellipse. Abbreviations: AA anterior ampulla, ASC anterior semicircular canal, LA lateral ampulla, LSC lateral semicircular canal, PA posterior ampulla, PSC posterior semicircular canal, Q quadrate, Sq squamosal, St stapes.