Table 3. The occurrence of PTPS in U-VATS and M-VATS.

Variables	U-VATS (N=142)	M-VATS (N=70)	P value
NRS >3	4 (2.8)	5 (7.1)	0.268
Analgesics use	1 (0.7)	2 (2.9)	0.528
PDQ (>1 symptom)	4 (2.8)	7 (10.0)	0.059
PTPS (%)	4 (2.8)	8 (11.4)	0.025

A patient who had more than one item (NRS >3, Analgesic use, PDQ >1 symptom) on postoperative month 2 was diagnosed as PTPS. The occurrence of PTPS was significantly lower in U-VATS group than in M-VATS group. There is some overlapping in both groups. P value was 0.025. PTPS, post-thoracotomy pain syndrome; PDQ, pain DETECT questionnaire. U-VATS, uniportal video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery; M-VATS, multi-port video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery;