TABLE 1.

Comparison of the patient groups as for demographic data, pain, and physical examination findings

n=65	UTRC (+) (n=29)		UTRC (−) (n=36)		p
	n	%	n	%
Age (years)	49.86±8.06		43.30±9.36		0.011*
Gender
Female	22	75.9	32	88.9	0.196†
Male	7	24.1	4	11.1
Duration of neck pain (months)	34.82±35.47		31.33±33.80		0.497*
Duration of shoulder pain (months)	28.03±36.08		14.15±18.83		0.057*
Overhead activity
+	17	58.6	18	50	0.488‡
–	12	41.4	18	50.0
VNS-neck (0–10)	6.58±2.16		7.63±2.11		0.048*
VNS-shoulder (0–10)	7.44±2.24		8.19±2.31		0.083*
Paresthesia
+	17	58.6	26	72.2	0.249‡
–	12	41.4	10	27.8
Clinical impingement
+	25	86.2	33	91.7	0.691†
–	4	13.8	3	8.3
Hawkins test
+	21	72.4	33	91.7	0.051†
–	8	27.6	3	8.3
Neer test
+	20	69.0	25	69.4	0.967‡
–	9	31.0	11	30.6
Speed test
+	19	65.5	31	86.1	0.050‡
–	10	34.5	5	13.9
Yergason test
+	12	41.4	24	66.7	0.041‡
–	17	58.6	12	33.3
Painful arc test
+	16	55.2	27	75.0	0.093‡
–	13	44.8	9	25.0
Jobe test
+	18	62.1	31	86.1	0.025‡
–	11	37.9	5	13.9
Drop arm test and trumpet sign
+	0	0	2	5.6	0.498†
–	29	100	34	94.4
ER resistance test
+	16	55.2	26	72.2	0.153‡
–	13	44.8	10	27.8
Lift- off test
+	11	37.9	18	50	0.331‡
–	18	62.1	18	50.0
Abdominal compression test
+	1	3.4	3	8.3	0.622†
–	28	96.6	33	91.7
Superficial sensation
N	23	79.3	28	77.8	0.881‡
Decreased	6	20.7	8	22.2
Pain sensation
N	26	89.7	30	83.3	0.720†
Decreased	3	10.3	6	16.7
C5 muscle strength
N	29	100	35	97.2	1.00†
Decreased	0	0	1	2.8
Shoulder flexion, and abduction, and ER
N	29	100	32	88.9	0.122
Decreased	0	0	4	11.1
Shoulder IR
N	29	100	33	91.7	0.247
Decreased	0	0	3	8.3

^†Fisher’s Exact test;

^*Mann-Whitney U test;

^‡Pearson chi-square test; UTRC: Upper trunk root compression; VNS: Visual numerical scale; ER: External rotation; N: Normal; IR: Internal Rotation.