. 2019 Oct 14;10:77. doi: 10.1186/s40104-019-0388-8

Table 3.

Sperm quality parameters from samples exposed to extender alone (control), or in the presence of phloretin (PHL) at three different concentrations (250 μmol/L, 500 μmol/L and 1000 μmol/L). The evaluated parameters were: percentage of progressively motile spermatozoa (PMOT), percentage of spermatozoa with low membrane lipid disorder (%M540⁻/YO-PRO-1⁻ sperm cells) and percentage of spermatozoa with high mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP; %JC1_agg spermatozoa). Determinations were performed in fresh (extended) and frozen-thawed (FT) spermatozoa after 30 and 240 min of thawing. Data reported as mean ± SEM

Variable	PHL concentration	Time point
Variable	PHL concentration	Extended	FT-30 min	FT-240 min
%PMOT	CNT	69.87 ± 3.20	23.38 ± 2.74^a	10.96 ± 1.12^a
	250 μmol/L		20.52 ± 0.98^a	8.61 ± 0.93^a
	500 μmol/L		22.16 ± 0.75^a	7.62 ± 0.89^a
	1000 μmol/L		10.38 ± 0.90^b	3.82 ± 0.92^b
%M540⁻/ YO-PRO-1⁻	CNT	80.83 ± 2.79	39.03 ± 1.49^{a, b}	31.25 ± 1.06^a
	250 μmol/L		44.53 ± 1.99^a	34.19 ± 1.29^a
	500 μmol/L		37.92 ± 1.37^b	30.20 ± 1.10^a
	1000 μmol/L		31.01 ± 1.60^c	21.42 ± 1.05^b
%JC1_agg	CNT	82.79 ± 2.41	31.95 ± 1.89^a	26.01 ± 1.44^a
	250 μmol/L		38.21 ± 2.08^a	22.49 ± 1.21^a
	500 μmol/L		34.98 ± 2.09^a	29.29 ± 1.74^a
	1000 μmol/L		31.93 ± 1.88^a	25.18 ± 1.29^a

Different letters (a–c) indicate significant differences (P < 0.05) between treatments within a given time point for each parameter