Exogenous delivery of miR-145 promoted peritoneal fibrosis in an established PD model in vivo. Male C57BL/6J mice were intraperitoneally injected daily with 3 ml of 4.25% dextrose PD solution for 4 weeks with/without treatment with ultrasound-microbubble-miR-145 mimic/inhibitor/NC plasmid on days 0 and 14. After 28 days of PDF treatment, the mice were killed. Both parietal and visceral peritoneal tissues were collected. A, the miR-145 expression level in the visceral peritoneum was evaluated by RT-qPCR. B, Masson's trichrome staining was performed on the anterior abdominal walls. C, the thickness of the peritoneal membrane was analyzed. D, peritoneal function was investigated by the transfer of glucose (D/D0). The results are presented as the mean ± S.D. (error bars) from three independent experiments. The -fold change is statistically significant. *, p < 0.05; **, p < 0.01; ***, p < 0.001. Scale bar, 50 μm.