Table 2.

Main and sensitivity analyses for estimates of the effect of a $3\text{-ppb}$ increase of ozone (${\mathrm{O}}_3$) exposure on ${\text{IMT}}_{\text{CCA}}$ progression and CP formation over 10 y from models with increasing amounts of covariate adjustment.

	Change in ${\text{IMT}}_{\text{CCA}}$ over 10 y	CP formation over 10 y
	($\mathrm{\mu }\mathrm{m}/10\mathrm{y}$, 95% CI)	Odds ratio (95% CI)
Main analysesa
Baseb	5.6 (1.6, 9.6)	1.3 (1.2, 1.4)
Moderatec	5.5 (1.4, 9.6)	1.2 (1.1, 1.4)
Fulld	5.6 (1.4, 9.7)	1.2 (1.1, 1.4)
Extendede	5.7 (1.5, 9.9)	1.3 (1.1, 1.4)
Sensitivity analysesf
${\mathrm{O}}_3$, warm seasons	6.5 (2.6, 10.3)	1.0 (0.9, 1.1)
${\mathrm{O}}_3$, 1-y mean	3.6 (0.1, 7.1)	1.0 (0.9, 1.2)
Adjustment for ${\mathrm{NO}}_{\mathrm{x}}$	15.2 (7.2, 23.2)	1.3 (1.1, 1.4)
Adjustment for ${\mathrm{PM}}_{2.5}$	7.8 (3.1, 12.6)	1.3 (1.1, 1.5)
Full (no site adjustment)	5.3 (1.1, 9.4)	1.0 (1.0, 1.1)

Note: CI, confidence interval; CP, carotid plaque; ${\text{IMT}}_{\text{CCA}}$, intima-media thickness of common carotid artery; ${\mathrm{NO}}_{\mathrm{x}}$, nitrogen oxides; ${\mathrm{PM}}_{2.5}$, particulate matter with diameter $<2.5\mathrm{\mu }\mathrm{m}$.

^aMain analyses [within-city interquartile range (IQR) of ${\mathrm{O}}_3$ $\text{exposure}=3\text{\hspace{0.17em} ppb}$].

^bBase model includes age, sex, race/ethnicity, and study region.

^c$\text{Moderate model}=\text{base model}+\text{body mass index}$, smoking status, pack-years, secondhand smoke exposure, alcohol consumption, physical activity, employment status, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, total cholesterol, statin use.

^d$\text{Full model \hspace{0.17em}}\left(\text{primary analysis}\right)=\text{\hspace{0.17em} moderate model \hspace{0.17em}}+\text{\hspace{0.17em} neighborhood socioeconomic status index}$, income, education, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, hypertension, antihypertensive medication, diabetes; full model is the primary model for report in the main text and discussion.

^e$\text{Extended model}=\text{full model}+\text{family history of premature cardiovascular disease}$, fibrinogen, C-reactive protein, creatinine.

^fSensitivity analyses: covariates in the sensitivity analyses are the same as those in the full model of the main analyses.