Table 1:
Summary of the major randomized controlled trials of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors
| Study characteristics | No. (%) of participants* | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EMPA-REG OUTCOME8 n = 7020 |
CANVAS program9 n = 10 142 |
DECLARE-TIMI 5810 n = 17 160 |
CREDENCE11 n = 4401 |
|
| Drug | Empagliflozin | Canagliflozin | Dapagliflozin | Canagliflozin |
| Dose, mg | 10 or 25 | 100 or 300 | 10 | 100 |
| Age, mean ± SD; yr | 63.1 ± 8.7 | 63.3 ± 8.3 | 63.9 ± 6.8 | 63.0 ± 9.2 |
| Sex, female | 2004 (28.5) | 3633 (35.8) | 6422 (37.4) | 1494 (33.9) |
| Follow-up time, median; yr | 3.1 | 2.4 | 4.2 | 2.6 |
| History of cardiovascular disease | 7020 (100.0) | 6656 (65.6) | 6974 (40.6) | 2220 (50.4) |
| History of heart failure | 706 (10.1) | 1461 (14.4) | 1724 (10.0) | 652 (14.8) |
| eGFR < 60 mL/min/1.73 m2† | 1819 (25.9) | 2039 (20.1) | 1265 (7.4) | 2631 (59.8) |
| Micro- or macroalbuminuria | 2782 (39.6) | 3026 (29.8) | 5199 (30.3) | 4370 (99.3) |
| Primary outcome(s) | MACE | MACE | MACE and admission to hospital for heart failure or CV death | Doubling of serum creatinine level, ESKD, or CV or renal death |
Note: CKD-EPI = chronic kidney disease epidemiology collaboration equation, CV = cardiovascular, eGFR = estimate glomerular filtration rate, ESKD = end-stage kidney disease, MACE = major adverse cardiovascular events (defined as nonfatal myocardial infarction, nonfatal stroke or CV death), MDRD = modification of diet in renal disease equation.
*
Unless specified otherwise.