Table 2. Demographics, Characteristics, Technique of PTNB and Complications Associated with Initial Diagnostic and Non-Diagnostic Results.
| Diagnostic Group (n = 745) | Non-Diagnostic Group (n = 122) | P | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n | % | n | % | ||
| Demographics | |||||
| Age, years | 0.893 | ||||
| Mean | 67.2 | 66.8 | |||
| Range | 18.1–91.9 | 25.4–88.7 | |||
| Sex | |||||
| Male/female | 354/391 | 47/75 | 0.065 | ||
| Lesion characteristics | |||||
| Size of nodule, mm | 0.001* | ||||
| Mean | 34.3 | 25.2 | |||
| Range | 7.6–159.3 | 6.9–84.9 | |||
| ≤ 15 | 134 | 18 | 32 | 26 | 0.032* |
| Morphology | 0.761 | ||||
| Solid | 598 | 80 | 93 | 76 | |
| GGO | 27 | 4 | 8 | 7 | |
| Part-solid | 48 | 6 | 5 | 4 | |
| Consolidation | 28 | 4 | 5 | 4 | |
| Cavity | 44 | 6 | 11 | 9 | |
| Necrosis | 46 | 6 | 9 | 7 | 0.614 |
| Pleural contact | 391 | 52 | 75 | 61 | 0.065 |
| Procedure techniques | |||||
| Patient position | 0.900 | ||||
| Supine | 160 | 21 | 28 | 23 | |
| Prone | 493 | 66 | 78 | 64 | |
| Oblique | 92 | 12 | 16 | 13 | |
| Needle approach | 0.943 | ||||
| Anterior | 196 | 26 | 35 | 29 | |
| Posterior | 509 | 68 | 78 | 64 | |
| Lateral | 40 | 5 | 9 | 7 | |
| Needle traverse aerated lung | 539 | 72 | 89 | 73 | 0.915 |
| Needle traverse emphysema | 56 | 8 | 18 | 15 | 0.008* |
| Needle path length, mm (mean, range) | 28 (0–110.6) | 30.8 (5–79.7) | 0.456 | ||
| Needle within lesion | 742 | 100 | 115 | 94 | 0.001* |
| Needle crossed fissure | 24 | 3 | 4 | 3 | 0.974 |
| Total time, mins (mean, range) | 58 (21–175) | 68 (20–141) | |||
| Total time ≤ 60 mins | 456 | 61 | 48 | 39 | 0.001* |
| Complications | |||||
| Pneumothorax | 170 | 23 | 37 | 30 | 0.080 |
| Air aspiration | 34 | 5 | 11 | 9 | |
| Chest tube drainage | 16 | 2 | 4 | 3 | |
| Alveolar hemorrhage | 395 | 53 | 83 | 68 | 0.002* |
| Hemoptysis | 10 | 1 | 7 | 6 | |
| Hemothorax | 5 | 1 | 3 | 2 | |
| Need treatment | 1 | 0.001 | 0 | 0 | |
| Air embolism | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| Death | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
*p values are significant. GGO = ground glass opacity, PTNB = percutaneous transthoracic needle biopsy