Table 1.
Age estimates of HV subclades.
| Haplogroup | Age Estimates (kya) | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bayesian (BEAST) | ρ Statistic | |||||||||||
| Corrected rate | aDNA | aDNA | Corrected rate | aDNA | aDNA | |||||||
| (Soares et al.26) | (Brotherton et al.28) | (Fu et al.27) | (Soares et al.26) | (Brotherton et al.28) | (Fu et al.27) | |||||||
| HV1 | 19.6 | (15.5–24.3) | 14.3 | (11.4–17.9) | 13.1 | (10.4–16.0) | 23.1 | (13.4–33.2) | 21.1 | (16.8–25.5) | 19.0 | (15.1–22.9) |
| HV1a | 16.3 | (13.4–19.2) | 12.1 | (9.9–14.2) | 11.0 | (9.2–12.8) | 18.8 | (11.4–26.4) | 17.4 | (14.0–20.7) | 15.6 | (12.6–18.6) |
| HV1a1 | 13.0 | (10.3–16.2) | 9.7 | (7.8–11.6) | 8.8 | (7.2–10.6) | 15.9 | (8.7–23.3) | 14.8 | (11.5–18.2) | 13.3 | (10.3–16.3) |
| HV1a1a | 11.4 | (8.2–14.5) | 8.7 | (6.8–10.7) | 7.9 | (6.3–9.7) | 15.6 | (8.1–23.5) | 14.6 | (11.1–18.1) | 13.1 | (10.0–16.3) |
| HV1a1a1-HV1a1a3 | 2.9 | (1.2–5.1) | 2.4 | (0.9–3.9) | 2.2 | (0.9–3.6) | 4.2 | (0.1–8.3) | 4.0 | (2.0–6.0) | 3.6 | (1.8–5.4) |
| HV1a1a4 | 6.1 | (2.7–9.6) | 5.1 | (2.3–7.8) | 4.8 | (2.3–7.3) | 7.9 | (2.1–13.8) | 7.5 | (4.8–10.3) | 6.8 | (4.3–9.3) |
| HV1a2 | 12.5 | (8.5–16.1) | 9.3 | (7.0–11.9) | 8.5 | (6.5–10.7) | 8.0 | (4.5–11.3) | 7.5 | (5.9–9.2) | 6.8 | (5.3–8.2) |
| HV1a3 | 8.0 | (3.7–12.8) | 6.6 | (3.2–9.9) | 6.2 | (3.1–9.0) | 6.3 | (2.4–10.2) | 6.0 | (4.2–7.9) | 5.4 | (3.7–7.1) |
| HV1b | 16.2 | (13.3–19.3) | 12.0 | (9.7–14.2) | 11.0 | (9.0–12.9) | 17.2 | (11.3–23.3) | 16.0 | (13.3–18.7) | 14.4 | (12.0–16.8) |
| HV1b + 152 C | 13.8 | (10.6–16.9) | 10.2 | (8.0–12.5) | 9.3 | (7.3–11.3) | 13.2 | (7.4–19.2) | 12.4 | (9.7–15.1) | 11.2 | (8.7–13.6) |
| HV1b1 | 8.8 | (5.2–13.0) | 7.1 | (4.3–9.9) | 6.7 | (4.1–9.0) | 10.3 | (4.8–15.9) | 9.7 | (7.1–12.4) | 8.8 | (6.4–11.1) |
| HV1b2 | 4.9 | (2.4–8.0) | 4.0 | (2.1–6.3) | 3.8 | (2.0–6.0) | 2.9 | (1.1–4.7) | 2.8 | (1.9–3.7) | 2.5 | (1.7–3.3) |
| HV1b3 | 10.7 | (7.0–14.2) | 8.0 | (5.5–10.4) | 7.3 | (5.0–9.4) | 16.2 | (8.2–24.5) | 15.1 | (11.4–18.8) | 13.6 | (10.2–16.9) |
| HV1b4 | 2.6 | (0.3–5.6) | 2.2 | (0.3–4.5) | 2.1 | (0.3–4.3) | 1.3 | (0–3.8) | 1.3 | (0–2.6) | 1.1 | (0–2.2) |
| HV1b5 | 7.1 | (2.5–11.7) | 5.5 | (2.0–8.8) | 5.1 | (2.1–8.1) | 6.5 | (8–12.5) | 6.3 | (3.5–9.1) | 5.6 | (3.1–8.1) |
| HV4 | 17.3 | (14.4–20.6) | 12.5 | (10.5–14.6) | 11.4 | (9.5–13.4) | 15.8 | (11.4–20.1) | 14.7 | (12.7–16.7) | 13.2 | (11.4–15.0) |
| HV4a | 16.1 | (13.3–19.3) | 11.7 | (9.6–13.6) | 10.6 | (8.6–12.4) | 15.2 | (9.5–21.2) | 14.2 | (11.6–16.9) | 12.8 | (10.4–15.2) |
| HV4a1 | 13.2 | (10.0–16.3) | 9.5 | (7.6–11.6) | 8.6 | (6.8–10.4) | 12.1 | (7.4–16.9) | 11.4 | (9.2–13.6) | 10.3 | (8.3–12.3) |
| HV4a2 | 12.5 | (8.7–15.8) | 9.1 | (6.9–12.3) | 8.2 | (6.2–10.2) | 11.6 | (4.8–18.7) | 11.0 | (7.8–14.3) | 9.9 | (7.0–12.8) |
| HV4a2a | 4.2 | (1.7–7.2) | 3.5 | (1.4–5.8) | 3.3 | (1.4–5.4) | 7.4 | (0–15.3) | 7.0 | (3.3–10.7) | 6.3 | (3.0–9.6) |
| HV4a2b | 6.7 | (2.6–11.0) | 5.1 | (2.1–8.2) | 4.7 | (2.2–7.6) | 7.9 | (1.5–14.5) | 7.5 | (4.5–10.6) | 6.8 | (4.0–9.5) |
| HV4b | 13.5 | (9.7–17.4) | 9.8 | (7.3–12.4) | 8.9 | (6.7–11.3) | 15.2 | (7.8–22.9) | 14.2 | (10.8–17.7) | 12.8 | (9.7–15.9) |
| HV4b1 | 3.9 | (0.9–7.6) | 3.2 | (0.7–5.8) | 3.0 | (0.8–5.4) | 3.9 | (0–8.4) | 3.8 | (1.6–6.0) | 3.4 | (1.4–5.3) |
| HV4b2 | 2.7 | (0.5–5.4) | 2.1 | (0.4–4.1) | 2.0 | (0.4–3.8) | 3.9 | (0–8.4) | 3.8 | (1.6–6.0) | 3.4 | (1.4–5.3) |
| HV12 | 16.6 | (13.3–20.1) | 12.2 | (9.8–14.5) | 11.1 | (8.9–13.3) | 19.2 | (12.3–26.2) | 17.7 | (14.6–20.9) | 16.0 | (13.2–18.7) |
| HV12a | 13.5 | (9.7–17.5) | 9.9 | (7.3–12.7) | 9.0 | (6.7–11.5) | 18.6 | (8.1–29.7) | 17.2 | (12.4–22.1) | 15.5 | (11.1–19.9) |
| HV12a1 | 4.9 | (2.1–7.9) | 3.8 | (1.7–6.1) | 3.5 | (1.6–5.6) | 5.2 | (0.4–10.1) | 5.0 | (2.7–7.4) | 4.5 | (2.4–6.6) |
| HV12a1a | 2.8 | (1.1–4.8) | 2.3 | (0.8–3.9) | 2.1 | (0.8–3.6) | 1.9 | (0–4.1) | 1.9 | (0.8–3.0) | 1.7 | (0.7–2.7) |
| HV12b | 13.2 | (9.5–16.9) | 9.8 | (7.6–12.2) | 8.8 | (6.8–11.0) | 14.0 | (8.0–20.1) | 13.1 | (10.4–15.9) | 11.8 | (9.3–14.3) |
| HV12b1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 12.7 | (7.7–17.7) | 11.9 | (9.6–14.3) | 10.7 | (8.7–12.8) |
| HV12b1a | 3.8 | (1.1–6.7) | 2.9 | (0.8–4.6) | 2.7 | (0.9–4.8) | 6.5 | (0.8–12.5) | 6.3 | (3.5–9.1) | 5.6 | (3.1–8.2) |
| HV12b1b | 10.0 | (5.4–14.0) | 7.7 | (4,8–10.1) | 7.0 | (4.4–9.1) | 13.4 | (6.5–20.5) | 12.6 | (9.3–15.8) | 11.3 | (8.4–14.2) |
| HV14 | 12.1 | (8.1–15.8) | 9.2 | (6.6–11.5) | 8.4 | (6.2–10.6) | 13.4 | (6.7–20.2) | 12.6 | (9.5–15.7) | 11.3 | (8.7–13.9) |
| HV14a | 10.3 | (6.4–13.8) | 8.0 | (5.4–10.2) | 7.3 | (5.0–9.2) | 11.2 | (6.3–16.3) | 10.7 | (8.1–13.2) | 9.6 | (7.3–11.9) |
| HV14a1 | 6.7 | (3.5–10.3) | 5.4 | (2.9–8.0) | 5.0 | (2.6–7.3) | 10.6 | (4.1–17.3) | 10.1 | (7.0–13.1) | 9.0 | (6.3–11.8) |
| HV18 | 10.3 | (5.0–15.2) | 8.1 | (4.2–11.2) | 7.6 | (4.2–10.1) | 7.1 | (3.0–11.3) | 6.8 | (4.8–8.8) | 6.1 | (4.3–7.9) |
| HV18a | 2.9 | (0.7–5.7) | 2.4 | (0.6–4.6) | 2.3 | (0.6–4.5) | 2.6 | (0–5.5) | 2.5 | (1.1–4.0) | 2.3 | (1.0–3.6) |
| HV16311 | 17.3 | (14.7–20.3) | 12.7 | (10.7–13.8) | 11.6 | (9.8–13.4) | 14.0 | (11.8–16.2) | 13.1 | (10.5–15.2) | 11.8 | (9.9–13.7) |
| HV9b1 | 1.9 | (0.3–3.9) | 1.7 | (0.3–3.3) | 1.6 | (0.3–3.2) | 2.6 | (0–6.2) | 2.5 | (0.7–4.3) | 2.3 | (0.7–3.9) |
| HV15a | 3.9 | (1.1–7.2) | 3.2 | (0.9–5.9) | 3.0 | (0.7–5.3) | 5.2 | (0–10.8) | 5.0 | (2.4–7.6) | 4.5 | (2.1–6.9) |
| HV16a | 5.3 | (2.1–8.9) | 4.5 | (1.7–7.5) | 4.3 | (1.8–7.0) | 7.0 | (2.1–12.0) | 6.7 | (4.3–9.1) | 6.0 | (3.9–8.1) |
| HV16b | 1.9 | (0.2–4.1) | 1.7 | (0.1–3.5) | 1.6 | (0.1–3.4) | 1.3 | (0–3.8) | 1.3 | (0–2.6) | 1.1 | (0–2.2) |
| HV25 | 1.6 | (0.0–4.2) | 1.4 | (0.1–3.5) | 1.3 | (0.0–3.2) | 1.3 | (0–3.8) | 1.3 | (0–2.6) | 1.1 | (0–2.2) |
| HV26 | 1.6 | (0.0–3.8) | 1.3 | (0.0–3.0) | 1.2 | (0.0–2.8) | 1.3 | (0–3.8) | 1.3 | (0–2.6) | 1.1 | (0–2.2) |
Values in parentheses state the age ranges as 95% highest posterior density or confidence intervals, for Bayesian and ρ-Statistic estimates, respectively.