Table 3.
Characteristics/behaviors associated with HTLV-1/2 in people who use illicit drugs and their subgroups using bivariate analysis.
| Characteristics/behaviors | 715 NIDUs | 111 IDUs | 826 PWUDs | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n NIDUs | n PCR+ | OR (95% CI) | n IDUs | n PCR+ | OR (95% CI) | n PWUDs | n PCR+ | OR (95% CI) | |
| Criminal/illicit activity† | 173 | 10 | 3.3 (1.3–8.0)* | 41 | 15 | 3.9 (1.5–10.1)* | 214 | 25 | 4.1 (2.2–7.7)* |
| Main use of crack† | 357 | 18 | 9.5 (2.2–38.1)* | 43 | 5 | 0.3 (0.1–1.0) | 400 | 23 | 1.2 (0.6–2.2) |
| Main use of cocaine (powder or paste)† | 284 | 7 | 0.8 (0.3–2.1) | 68 | 20 | 4.0 (1.3–12.9)* | 352 | 27 | 1.3 (0.7–2.4) |
| Sharing of drug use paraphernalia† | 407 | 9 | 0.6 (0.3–1.5) | 79 | 22 | 5.8 (1.3–23.4)* | 486 | 31 | 1.7 (0.9–3.3) |
| Daily use of illicit drugs† | 487 | 19 | 9.2 (1.2–57.3)* | 80 | 19 | 1.6 (0.5–4.7) | 567 | 38 | 3.0 (1.3–7.3)* |
| Drug use over 12 years | 219 | 3 | 0.4 (0.1–1.4) | 81 | 23 | 11.5 (1.5–69.4)* | 300 | 26 | 2.7 (1.4–5.0)* |
| Unprotected sex (vaginal and/or anal)† | 511 | 19 | 7.8 (1.1–56.2)* | 91 | 18 | 0.6 (0.2–1.7) | 602 | 37 | 2.0 (0.9–4.6) |
| Unprotected sex with other PWUDs† | 458 | 19 | 11.1 (1.5–61.2)* | 43 | 15 | 3.5 (1.4–9.0)* | 501 | 34 | 2.3 (1.1–4.7)* |
| Changes in genitalia† | 229 | 15 | 8.3 (3.0–21.2)* | 42 | 12 | 1.9 (0.7–4.6) | 271 | 27 | 3.3 (1.7–6.0)* |
| Sex exchange for money or drugs† | 359 | 18 | 9.3 (2.2–38.6)* | 44 | 7 | 0.6 (0.2–1.5) | 403 | 25 | 1.4 (0.8–2.6) |
| More than 12 sexual partners† | 347 | 16 | 4.4 (1.5–13.1)* | 40 | 15 | 4.1 (1.6–10.6)* | 387 | 31 | 2.9 (1.5–5.6)* |
PWUDs: People who used illicit drugs. NIDUs: people used only non-injecting drugs during their lives. IDUs: People who have used injectable and non-injectable drugs during their lives. †Last 12 months. OR: Odds ratio. CI: Confidence Intervals. *p-value < 0.05.