Table 2.
A summarized history of the taxonomy and nomenclature of the genus Lecanosticta.
| Year | Species epithet | Reference | Sexual state reported | Country, location | Host | Description | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lecanosticta acicola | |||||||
| 1878 | Cryptosporium acicolum Thüm | de Thümen (1878) | Asexual | USA, South Carolina, Aiken | Pinus echinata (P. variabilis) | P. variabilis is a synonym of P. echinata. In Wolf and Barbour (1941), it was mentioned that it was in fact on P. caribaea and that the host was previously incorrectly identified. | |
| 1884 | Septoria acicola (Thüm) Sacc | Saccardo (1884) | Asexual | USA, Carolina, Aiken | P. variabilis | Saccardo moved C. acicolum to Septoria due to the characteristic septate conidia. | |
| 1922 | Lecanosticta pini | Sydow and Petrak (1922) | Asexual | USA, Arkansas and Oregon | P. taeda and P. palustris in Arkansas and P. attenuata in Oregon | The genus Lecanosticta was erected to accommodate L. pini, a fungus with erumpent stromata and pigmented conidia. | |
| 1924 | Lecanosticta acicola | Sydow and Petrak (1924) | Asexual | USA | – | The authors recognized that L. pini was C. acicolum. The genus was retained and the name L. acicola was proposed as the valid name. | |
| 1926 | Oligostroma acicola | Dearness (1926, 1928) | Sexual | USA, Florida, Silver Springs | P. palustris | The sexual state of L. acicola was isolated from old pine needles from which the asexual state was previously isolated. In 1928, it was proposed that the asexual state Septoria acicola fits better in the genus Cryptosporium and that Oligostroma acicola could be Cryptosporium acicolum’s sexual state (Dearness, 1928). | |
| 1939 | Schirria acicola | Siggers (1939) | Sexual | USA, Arkansas, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, North Carolina, Texas | P. palustris, P. taeda, P. thunbergii | Ascospores as well as conidia were plated onto media and morphologically examined to come to the conclusion that the sexual and asexual state are connected. Oligostroma acicola was changed to Schirria acicola as erumpent acervuli were observed, characteristic of Schirria. | |
| 1941 | Systremma acicola | Wolf and Barbour (1941) | Sexual | USA | Pinus spp. | It was recognized that the pathogen was better suited in the Dothideaceae and therefore the fungus was moved to the genus Systremma and all the above names for the sexual state synonymized with S. acicola. | |
| 1967 | Dothistroma acicola | Shishkina and Tsanava (1967) | Asexual | – | – | The name D. acicola was incorrectly assigned to both D. pini and L. acicola. The name was not used in subsequent literature. | Due to similarities between symptoms caused by Dothistroma and Lecanosticta the asexual states of D. pini (presently D. septosporum) and L. acicola were synonymized and renamed as D. acicola and furthermore associated with the sexual state Systremma acicola. |
| 1972 | Mycosphaerella dearnessii | Barr (1972) | Sexual | USA | – | Systremma acicola was synonymized with Mycosphaerella dearnessii. Mycosphaerella dearnessii was assigned as the type for Mycosphaerella subgenus Mycosphaerella section Caterva. | MycoBank accession number: 318138. |
| 1996 | Eruptio acicola | Barr (1996) | Sexual | – | – | According to Barr (1996), Mycosphaerella dearnessii did not fit the description of Mycosphaerella and the new genus Eruptio M.E. Barr was erected to accommodate Eruptio acicola and Eruptio pini (sexual state of Dothistroma septosporum). | The validity of the genus Eruptio was questioned as Lecanosticta acicola phylogenetically clusters with other Mycosphaerella anamorphs (Crous et al. 2001). Eruptio is not widely used in literature. |
| 2012 | Lecanosticta acicola | Quaedvlieg et al. (2012) | Both | Europe and North America | Pinus spp. | As it was recognized that the genus Mycosphaerella should only be used with the anamorphic genus Ramularia (Crous et al., 2007; Crous, 2009), Lecanosticta acicola was selected as the valid name and type of the genus under the one fungus = one name rule. An epitype was designated for L. acicola in this study (Quaedvlieg et al., 2012). | MycoBank accession number: 255702 Epitype CBS H‐21113, Ex‐epitype CBS 133791. |
| Other Lecanosticta species | |||||||
| 1984 | Lecanosticta cinerea | Evans (1984); Marmolejo (2000) | Asexual | Honduras | Pinus sp. | The species name was proposed as the correct name for Gloeocoryneum cinereum. | This name is not validly published (Marmolejo, 2000) as no basionym was established. The new combination Leptomelanconium pinicola was proposed because it had previously been established that Gloeocoryneum cinereum is a synonym of Stilbospora pinicola and that the genera Gloeocoryneum and Leptomelanconium have the same characteristics (Marmolejo, 2000). |
| 1984 | Lecanosticta gloeospora | Evans (1984) | Asexual | Mexico, Iturbide‐Galeana, Nuevo León | P. pseudostrobus | The second valid species in the genus to be described based on morphological characteristics. | MycoBank accession number: 106975 Holotype IMI 283812 Ex‐type IMI 283812. |
| 2000 | Lecanosticta longispora | Marmolejo (2000) | Asexual | Mexico, Nuevo León | P. culminicola | The third species described in the genus based on morphological characteristics. | No type was assigned but Quaedvlieg et al. (2012) epitypified the species in 2012. |
| 2012 | Lecanosticta longispora | Quaedvlieg et al. (2012) | Asexual | Mexico, Nuevo León | P. culminicola | The first phylogenetic study to include this species. An epitype L. longispora was designated here. | MycoBank accession number: 466255 Epitype CBS H‐21111, Ex‐epitype CBS 133602. |
| 2012 | Lecanosticta brevispora | Quaedvlieg et al. (2012) | Asexual | Mexico | Pinus sp. | This isolate is the fourth species described in the genus based on phylogenetic inference and morphology. | MycoBank accession number: 801940 Holotype CBS H‐21110, Ex‐type CBS 133601. |
| 2012 | Lecanosticta guatemalensis | Quaedvlieg et al. (2012) | Asexual | Guatemala | P. oocarpa | The ex‐type of L. guatemalensis (IMI281598) was initially described as L. acicola based on morphological characteristics (Evans, 1984). The isolate was phylogenetically delineated as a new species in 2012 and subsequently described (Quaedvlieg et al., 2012). | MycoBank accession number: 801941 Holotype CBS H‐21108, Ex‐type IMI 281598. |
| 2018 | Lecanosticta jani | van der Nest et al. (2019) | Asexual | Guatemala, Nicaragua | P. maximinoi, P. oocarpa, P. tecunumanii | New species described based on phylogenetic and morphological data. | MycoBank accession number: 826875 Holotype PREM 62185, Ex‐type CBS 144456. |
| 2018 | Lecanosticta pharomachri | van der Nest et al. (2019) | Asexual | Guatemala, Honduras | P. oocarpa, P. tecunumanii | New species described based on phylogenetic and morphological data. | MycoBank accession number: 826876 Holotype PREM 62188, Ex‐type CBS 144448. |
| 2018 | Lecanosticta tecunumanii | van der Nest et al. (2019) | Asexual | Guatemala | P. tecunumanii | New species described based on phylogenetic and morphological data. | MycoBank accession number: 826877 Holotype PREM 62191, Ex‐type CBS 144450. |
| 2018 | Lecanosticta variabilis | van der Nest et al. (2019) | Asexual | Guatemala, Honduras | P. caribaea, P. maximinoi, P. oocarpa | New species described based on phylogenetic and morphological data. The ex‐type was initially described as L. acicola by Evans (1984) based on morphological observations. | MycoBank accession number: 826878 Holotype PREM 62195, Ex‐type CBS 144453 = IMI 281561. |