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. 2019 Aug 8;127(8):087003. doi: 10.1289/EHP3857

Table 2.

Results of single-exposure regression models.

Exposure variable (increment) OR (95% CI)
Diabetes Hypertension Stroke Heart attack
NDVI 300m (0.13) 0.91 (0.89, 0.93) 0.97 (0.96, 0.99) 1.00 (0.96, 1.04) 1.00 (0.97, 1.03)
NDVI 1,000m (0.14) 0.92 (0.90, 0.94) 0.99 (0.97, 1.01) 1.00 (0.96, 1.04) 1.04 (1.00, 1.07)
TOP10NL 300m (0.24)a 0.93 (0.91, 0.95) 0.97 (0.95, 0.98) 1.00 (0.96, 1.04) 0.97 (0.94, 1.00)
TOP10NL 1,000m (0.32)b 0.91 (0.88, 0.93) 0.98 (0.96, 0.99) 0.98 (0.93, 1.03) 0.99 (0.95, 1.03)
NO2 (7.85) 1.06 (1.04, 1.09) 1.02 (1.00, 1.03) 1.00 (0.96, 1.04) 0.98 (0.95, 1.02)
OPDTT (0.27) 1.09 (1.07, 1.12) 1.06 (1.04, 1.07) 1.02 (0.97, 1.06) 1.03 (0.99, 1.06)
OPESR (0.18) 1.02 (1.00, 1.04) 1.01 (1.00, 1.03) 1.02 (0.99, 1.06) 1.00 (0.97, 1.02)
PM10 (1.24) 1.03 (1.01, 1.05) 1.00 (0.99, 1.01) 1.00 (0.96, 1.03) 0.97 (0.95, 1.00)
PM2.5 (0.83) 1.01 (0.99, 1.03) 1.01 (1.00, 1.02) 1.05 (1.01, 1.09) 1.07 (1.05, 1.10)
PM2.5abs (0.25) 1.03 (1.01, 1.05) 1.01 (1.00, 1.02) 1.02 (0.98, 1.05) 1.01 (0.99, 1.04)
PMcoarse (0.82) 1.03 (1.01, 1.05) 1.00 (0.99, 1.01) 1.01 (0.98, 1.05) 0.96 (0.94, 0.99)
Road traffic noise, Lden (5) 1.02 (1.00, 1.03) 1.00 (0.99, 1.01) 1.01 (0.98, 1.03) 1.00 (0.98, 1.02)

Note: Results are presented as OR (95% CI) per interquartile range increase (surrounding green and air pollution) or per 5dB (road traffic noise). Models were adjusted for sex, age, marital status, region of origin, education, work, standardized household income, smoking habits, number of cigarettes/day, alcohol consumption, number of alcohol glasses/week, physical activity, body mass index, and neighborhood socioeconomic status (SES). CI, confidence interval; Lden, daily average noise level; NDVI, Normalized Difference Vegetation Index; NO2, nitrogen dioxide; OPDTT, oxidative potential (OP) metric with dithiothreitol (DTT) assay; OPESR, oxidative potential (OP) metric with electron spin resonance; OR, odds ratio; PM2.5, PM with aerodynamic diameter 2.5μm; PM2.5abs, black carbon (PM2.5absorbance); PM10, particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter 10μm.

a

Surrounding green space in a 300-m buffer based on TOP10NL.

b

Surrounding green space in a 1,000-m buffer based on TOP10NL.