Table 5.

Multiplicative interactions of surrounding green (NDVI $300\mathrm{m}$), air pollution (${\text{OP}}^{\text{DTT}}$), and road traffic noise (Lden) on the odds of diabetes.

Stratified exposure variable	Quintile	Linear exposure variable
		OR (95% CI)
		NDVI $300\mathrm{m}$	${\text{OP}}^{\text{DTT}}$	Road traffic noise (Lden)
NDVI $300\mathrm{m}$	Q1 ($\le \mathrm{0}\mathrm{.44}$)	—	1.00 (0.94, 1.05)	0.98 (0.95, 1.01)
	Q2 ($\le 0.50$)	—	1.00 (0.94, 1.06)	1.02 (0.99, 1.05)
	Q3 ($\le 0.55$)	—	1.08 (1.02, 1.14)	1.01 (0.98, 1.05)
	Q4 ($\le 0.61$)	—	1.08 (1.02, 1.14)	1.02 (0.99, 1.06)
	Q5 ($>0.61$)	—	1.09 (1.02, 1.15)	1.00 (0.97, 1.03)
	p.inta	—	0.05	0.34
${\text{OP}}^{\text{DTT}}$	Q1 ($<1.01$)	0.89 (0.85, 0.93)	—	1.00 (0.97, 1.02)
	Q2 ($\le 1.14$)	0.88 (0.83, 0.93)	—	1.00 (0.97, 1.03)
	Q3 ($\le 1.24$)	0.91 (0.86, 0.96)	—	1.01 (0.97, 1.04)
	Q4 ($\le 1.35$)	0.99 (0.94, 1.05)	—	1.02 (0.99, 1.05)
	Q5 ($>1.35$)	1.04 (0.99, 1.10)	—	1.00 (0.97, 1.03)
	p.inta	$<0.005$	—	0.78
Road traffic noise (Lden)	Q1 ($<49.3$)	0.90 (0.86, 0.95)	1.08 (1.03, 1.13)	—
	Q2 ($\le 52.0$)	0.88 (0.84, 0.93)	1.09 (1.03, 1.14)	—
	Q3 ($\le 54.7$)	0.92 (0.88, 0.97)	1.08 (1.03, 1.14)	—
	Q4 ($\le 58.7$)	0.92 (0.88, 0.96)	1.07 (1.02, 1.13)	—
	Q5 ($>58.7$)	0.93 (0.90, 0.97)	1.12 (1.07, 1.17)	—
	p.inta	0.48	0.78	—

Note: Results of multiplicative interactions are given as OR (95% CI) per 1-unit increase (IQR for NDVI $300\mathrm{m}$: 0.13; IQR for ${\text{OP}}^{\text{DTT}}$: $0.27\text{\hspace{0.17em}nmol}$ ${\text{DTT}/\text{min}/\mathrm{m}}^3$, 5 dB for Lden) in quintiles of the second variable (conditional effects). Models were adjusted for sex, age, marital status, region of origin, education, work, standardized household income, smoking habits, number of cigarettes/day, alcohol consumption, number of alcohol glasses/week, physical activity, body mass index and neighborhood socioeconomic status (SES). —, no data; CI, confidence interval; Lden, daily average noise level; NDVI, Normalized Difference Vegetation Index; ${\text{OP}}^{\text{DTT}}$, oxidative potential (OP) metric with dithiothreitol (DTT) assay; OR, odds ratio.

^a p.int shows the $p$-value for the overall interaction.