a, Distribution of targets. First set of experiments: subjects produced isometric forces in 20 different directions covering the sagittal (Up–Back) plane. Second set: subjects produced forces in 54 different directions covering the sagittal (Up–Back), horizontal (Back–Out), and frontal (Up–Out) planes. b, Subject B, sagittal plane: 120 force traces (6 per direction) from four different experiments. Force traces stay close to the sagittal plane, especially those in the up and forward directions. c, Typical force trace (I), unit record (II), and unit raster (III). Threshold force is marked in force trace with a gray line. Close-up below unit trace shows consistent shape and amplitude of the potential of this unit.