Quantitation of TUNEL-positive, nonapoptotic cells in the rat brain after lateral FP injury of moderate severity. Nonapoptotic cells were identified based on diffuse, uneven TUNEL staining in the nucleus and cytoplasm with little to no cellular shrinkage. A, Cortex. Average number of nonapoptotic cells peaked at 24 hr after injury. B, White matter. Average number of nonapoptotic cells peaked between 24 and 48 hr after injury. C, Hippocampus. Average number of TUNEL-positive, nonapoptotic cells in the injured hippocampus increased slightly (nonsignificantly) at 12 and 48 hr after injury.D, Thalamus. Average number of TUNEL-positive, nonapoptotic cells in the injured thalamus revealed a biphasic response, with a significant peak at 12 hr and a second broader, nonsignificant peak between 48 hr and 1 month after injury. By 2 months after injury, the number of nonapoptotic TUNEL-positive cells had reached sham levels in all regions. * p < 0.05 when compared with sham. Average number of cells was determined as described in Materials and Methods. Error bars represent SEM.