Fig. 1.

Survey of farmers for importance of head rice yield (HRY) in mega-varieties in the Philippines, Bangladesh, Cambodia and Eastern India, and evolution of grain chalkiness and HRY in breeding lines released by IRRI during the period 1966–2015. (a) Investment share assigned by farmers in HRY relative to other traits as elicited through an investment exercise (see Methods). (b) Trends in the genetic gain for % chalkiness and % HRY observed in dry seasons (DS) and wet seasons (WS) for the 106 breeding lines developed at IRRI between 1966–2015. The decrease in the HRY was observed to be more prominent during dry seasons, whilst chalkiness showed a similar trend in DS and WS. In the bar plots, orange bars represent HRY and blue bars represent % chalkiness , as adapted from Laborte et al. (2015), and show a similar trend in the Philippines and corroborates our results.