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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2020 Sep 10.
Published in final edited form as: Sci Total Environ. 2019 May 4;682:271–281. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.05.010

Table 3.

Half-lives (t1/2), empirical rate constants (k), and equations for changes in neonicotinoid concentrations on soybean treated with imidacloprid (IMI) as the primary treatment and clothianidin as a second treatment (CLO2), and corn with either thiamethoxam (TMX) or clothianidin (CLO1). Seeds were placed on the soil surface in the environment for 30 days during May – June in 2016 and 2017 in Minnesota, USA. Equations for CLO1 in 2016 are not provided because no seeds remained on the soil surface after 30 days.

Chemical Seed type Seed color t1/2
(days)		 k Equation, R2 both years Equation, R2
2016		 Equation, R2
2017
IMI soybean red 4.7 0.149 729.66e−0.149× R2 = 0.88 1006.6e−0.13× R2 = 0.99 528.92e−0.168× R2 = 0.97
TMX corn red 3.6 0.193 536.89e−0.193× R2 =0.80 794.66e−0.223× R2 = 0.86 362.73e−0.163× R2 = 0.76
CLO1 corn purple 2.0 0.352 2195.8e−0.352× R2 = 0.85 NA 689.17e−0.138× R2 = 0.98
CLO2 soybean red 2.3 0.305 39.464e−0.305× R2 =0.86 82.923e−0.354× R2 = 0.86 18.782e−0.256× R2 = 0.96