Table 1.
Descriptive Statistics for the NIH-AARP Cohort, by Quintile of Annual O3 Concentration Exposure
| Q1 (n = 109,756) | Q2 (n = 109,756) | Q3 (n = 109,756) | Q4 (n = 109,756) | Q5 (n = 109,756) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| O3 | Range, ppb | 26.8–35.1 | 35.1–38.4 | 38.4–39.8 | 39.8–42.0 | 42.0–56.3 |
| Age, n (%) | ≥65 yr | 69,724 (63.5) | 68,821 (62.7) | 69,459 (63.3) | 69,687 (63.5) | 69,291 (63.1) |
| <65 yr | 40,032 (36.5) | 40,935 (37.3) | 40,297 (36.7) | 40,069 (36.5) | 40,465 (36.9) | |
| Sex, n (%) | M | 62,301 (56.8) | 66,240 (60.4) | 65,904 (60.0.) | 65,050 (59.3) | 64,589 (58.8) |
| F | 47,455 (43.2) | 43,516 (39.6) | 43,852 (40.0) | 44,706 (40.7) | 45,167 (41.2) | |
| Race, n (%) | White | 94,798 (86.4) | 99,944 (91.1) | 102,819 (93.7) | 101,350 (92.3) | 101,597 (92.6) |
| Black | 6,595 (6.0) | 5,062 (4.6) | 3,016 (2.7) | 4,086 (3.7) | 2,822 (2.6) | |
| Hispanic | 3,522 (3.2) | 1,559 (1.4) | 1,461 (1.3) | 1,492 (1.4) | 2,163 (2.0) | |
| Asian, Pacific | 3,009 (2.7) | 1,665 (1.5) | 1,134 (1.0) | 1,384 (1.3) | 1,687 (1.5) | |
| Education, n (%) | Less than high school | 6,243 (5.7) | 6,627 (6.0) | 7,834 (7.1) | 6,582 (6.0) | 5,969 (5.4) |
| Some high school | 19,252 (17.5) | 24,321 (22.2) | 25,660 (23.4) | 20,331 (18.5) | 17,808 (16.2) | |
| 12 yr or high school completed | 9,519 (8.7) | 10,928 (10.0) | 12,182 (11.1) | 11,145 (10.2) | 9,971 (9.1) | |
| Post high school or some college | 26,260 (23.9) | 22,978 (20.9) | 22,844 (20.8) | 25,982 (23.7) | 29,081 (26.5) | |
| College and postgraduate | 45,104 (41.1) | 41,669 (38.0) | 37,863 (34.5) | 42,412 (38.6) | 43,655 (39.8) | |
| BMI, n (%) | <18.5 kg/m2 | 897 (0.8) | 796 (0.7) | 885 (0.8) | 1,003 (0.9) | 1,070 (1.0) |
| 18.5–25 kg/m2 | 37,826 (34.5) | 35,616 (32.5) | 34,869 (31.8) | 37,303 (34) | 38,755 (35.3) | |
| 25–30 kg/m2 | 44,140 (40.2) | 46,314 (42.2) | 45,838 (41.8) | 45,415 (41.4) | 45,119 (41.1) | |
| 30–35 kg/m2 | 16,473 (15.0) | 17,237 (15.7) | 17,907 (16.3) | 16,705 (15.2) | 15,962 (14.5) | |
| >35 kg/m2 | 7,195 (6.6) | 6,877 (6.3) | 7,306 (6.7) | 6,444 (5.9) | 6,035 (5.5) | |
| Marriage, n (%) | Married | 68,687 (62.6) | 75,377 (68.7) | 76,575 (69.8) | 75,722 (69.0) | 77,176 (70.3) |
| Never married | 32,382 (29.5) | 27,964 (25.5) | 27,528 (25.1) | 28,464 (25.9) | 27,706 (25.2) | |
| Other | 7,582 (6.9) | 5,532 (5) | 4,778 (4.4) | 4,688 (4.3) | 3,986 (3.6) | |
| Smoking, n (%) | Never | 37,781 (34.4) | 38,550 (35.1) | 38,768 (35.3) | 37,498 (34.2) | 38,419 (35.0) |
| Less than a pack, 1+ yr quit | 29,847 (27.2) | 29,126 (26.5) | 28,598 (26.1) | 28,834 (26.3) | 29,475 (26.9) | |
| More than a pack, 1+ yr quit | 4,882 (4.4) | 5,015 (4.6) | 5,706 (5.2) | 5,769 (5.3) | 5,395 (4.9) | |
| Less than a pack, stopped less than a year/current | 10,181 (9.3) | 9,963 (9.1) | 9,601 (8.7) | 9,684 (8.8) | 9,410 (8.6) | |
| More than a pack, stopped less than a year or current | 4,882 (4.4) | 5,015 (4.6) | 5,706 (5.2) | 5,769 (5.3) | 5,395 (4.9) | |
| Alcohol, n (%) | 0 drinks/d | 23,684 (21.6) | 23,422 (21.3) | 28,616 (26.1) | 29,259 (26.7) | 30,950 (28.2) |
| <1 drinks/d | 59,235 (54.0) | 60,524 (55.1) | 57,627 (52.5) | 55,398 (50.5) | 53,958 (49.2) | |
| 1–2 drinks/d | 13,346 (12.2) | 12,644 (11.5) | 11,354 (10.3) | 12,372 (11.3) | 12,260 (11.2) | |
| 2–3 drinks/d | 4,771 (4.3) | 4,141 (3.8) | 3,617 (3.3) | 4,004 (3.6) | 4,164 (3.8) | |
| 3–5 drinks/d | 3,938 (3.6) | 4,134 (3.8) | 3,950 (3.6) | 4,036 (3.7) | 3,946 (3.6) | |
| 5+ drinks/d | 4,782 (4.4) | 4,891 (4.5) | 4,592 (4.2) | 4,687 (4.3) | 4,478 (4.1) | |
| aMED index, n (%) | 0–2 | 18,865 (17.2) | 22,532 (20.5) | 22,483 (20.5) | 20,198 (18.4) | 18,011 (16.4) |
| 3 | 18,445 (16.8) | 19,980 (18.2) | 20,696 (18.9) | 19,806 (18.0) | 18,629 (17.0) | |
| 4 | 22,240 (20.3) | 22,350 (20.4) | 22,818 (20.8) | 22,814 (20.8) | 22,344 (20.4) | |
| 5 | 21,397 (19.5) | 20,566 (18.7) | 20,340 (18.5) | 21,371 (19.5) | 22,076 (20.1) | |
| 6–9 | 28,809 (26.2) | 24,328 (22.2) | 23,419 (21.3) | 25,567 (23.3) | 28,696 (26.1) |
Definition of abbreviations: aMED = alternate Mediterranean diet; BMI = body mass index; O3 = ozone.