Skip to main content
. 2019 Aug 2;34(11):1852–1857. doi: 10.1007/s00380-019-01479-x

Table 2.

Incidence rate and univariate analysis by Cox proportional hazards analysis of stroke/systemic embolism

No. of event (%/year) HR 95% CI p value
Overall 176 (1.0)
Sex
 Male 115 (1.0) Reference 0.5283
 Female 61 (1.1) 1.1 0.8, 1.5
Age class 1 (years-old)
 < 65 23 (0.7) Reference 0.0176
 ≥ 65 153 (1.1) 1.7 1.1, 2.6
Age class 2 (years-old)
 < 65 23 (0.7) Reference 0.0022
 65–74 60 (0.9) 1.3 0.8, 2.2
 ≥ 75 93 (1.3) 2.0 1.3, 3.2
Body weight (kg)
 ≥ 60 84 (0.8) Reference 0.0250
 50–59 50 (1.1) 1.3 0.9, 1.9
 < 50 33 (1.4) 1.7 1.1, 2.6
Systolic blood pressure (mmHg)
 < 160 156 (1.0) Reference 0.0928
 ≥ 160 12 (1.6) 1.6 0.9, 3.0
CrCl (mL/min)
 ≥ 50 112 (0.9) Reference 0.0026
 30–49 49 (1.5) 1.8 1.3, 2.5
 < 30 3 (1.0) 1.2 0.4, 3.7
Comorbiditya
 Congestive heart failure
  – 129 (1.0) Reference 0.8550
  + 47 (1.0) 1.0 0.7, 1.4
 Hypertension
  – 44 (0.9) Reference 0.2768
  + 132 (1.1) 1.2 0.9, 1.7
 Angina pectoris
  – 157 (1.0) Reference 0.7193
  + 19 (0.9) 0.9 0.6, 1.5
 Diabetes mellitus
  – 121 (0.9) Reference 0.0227
  + 55 (1.3) 1.4 1.1, 2.0
 Aortic aneurysm
  – 174 (1.0) Reference 0.7916
  + 2 (0.8) 0.8 0.2, 3.3
Deep vein thrombosis
  – 175 (1.0) Reference 0.9718
  + 1 (1.0) 1.0 0.2, 7.4
 Pulmonary embolism
  – 175 (1.0) Reference 0.4012
  + 1 (2.2) 2.3 0.3, 16.2
 Dyslipidemia
  – 105 (1.0) Reference 0.6278
  + 71 (1.0) 0.9 0.7, 1.3
 Liver dysfunction
  – 167 (1.0) Reference 0.6999
  + 9 (0.9) 0.9 0.5, 1.7
 Renal dysfunction
  – 176 (1.0) Reference 0.6995
  + 0 (0.0) < 0.001 < 0.001
Medical historya
 Stroke (ischemic/hemorrhagic)
  – 91 (0.7) Reference < 0.0001
  + 85 (2.3) 3.6 2.7, 4.8
 Transient ischemic attack
  – 169 (0.9) Reference 0.4721
  + 7 (1.3) 1.3 0.6, 2.8
 Systemic embolism
  – 174 (1.0) Reference 0.6643
  + 2 (1.4) 1.4 0.3, 5.5
 Vascular disease (MI/PAD)
  – 158 (1.0) Reference 0.0352
  + 18 (1.6) 1.7 1.0, 2.7
 Malignant tumor
  – 159 (1.0) Reference 0.7657
  + 17 (1.1) 1.1 0.7, 1.8
 Bleeding/disposition of bleeding
  – 169 (1.0) Reference 0.9900
  + 7 (1.0) 1.0 0.5, 2.1
 Rivaroxaban dosage
  15 mg/day 87 (0.9) Reference 0.0658
  10 mg/day 89 (1.2) 1.3 1.0, 1.8
 Amount of drinking (unit/week)
  No 105 (1.1) Reference 0.1202
  < 8 47 (0.8) 0.7 0.5, 1.0
  ≥ 8 24 (1.0) 0.9 0.6, 1.4
 History of smoking
  No 99 (0.9) Reference 0.2940
  In the past 54 (1.1) 1.1 0.8, 1.6
  Current 23 (1.3) 1.4 0.9, 2.2
 Type of AF
  PAF 67 (0.9) Reference 0.0799
  Non-PAFb 109 (1.1) 1.3 1.0, 1.8
 Using concomitant anti-plateletsa
  – 138 (0.9) Reference 0.0046
  + 38 (1.5) 1.7 1.2, 2.4
 Using concomitant NSAIDsa
  – 172 (1.0) Reference 0.9525
  + 4 (1.0) 1.0 0.4, 2.8
 CHADS2 score
  < 3 76 (0.7) Reference < 0.0001
  ≥ 3 100 (1.7) 2.7 2.0, 3.6
 CHA2DS2-VASc score
  < 4 58 (0.6) Reference < 0.0001
  ≥ 4 118 (1.5) 2.5 1.9, 3.5
 HAS-BLED score
  < 2 60 (0.6) Reference < 0.0001
  ≥ 2 106 (1.7) 2.8 2.0, 3.8

HR hazard ratio, CI confidence interval, CrCl creatinine clearance, MI myocardial infraction, PAD peripheral arterial disease, AF atrial fibrillation, PAF paroxysmal atrial fibrillation, NSAIDs non-steroidal anti- inflammatory drugs

aReference; without factor

bPersistent and permanent atrial fibrillation