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. 2019 Oct 15;9:14801. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-51304-8

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© The Author(s) 2019

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Activation of IKKβ in cardiomyocytes induces IR. (a) Representative Western blots and densitometric analyses of phospho-IRS-1^ser318/total IRS-1 in heart lysates. Scatter dot plots represent the mean ± SD, *P < 0.05 (t-test, n = 4 control, n = 4 KA). (b) Representative Western blots and densitometric analyses of total Glut4/GAPDH in whole heart lysate. Scatter dot plots represent the mean ± SD, *P < 0.05 (t-test, n = 4 control, n = 4 KA). (c) Representative Western blots and densitometric analyses of plasma membrane fraction of Glut4/Na-K-ATPase (relative to control) in heart tissue from control and KA mice at the age of six weeks. Scatter dot plots represent the mean ± SD, *P < 0.05 (t-test, n = 6 control, n = 6 KA). (d) Results of fasting blood glucose (FBG) measurements after 16 hours of fasting at the age of six weeks. Scatter dot plots represent the mean ± SD, *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01 (t-test, n = 16 control, n = 17 KA). (e) Results of plasma insulin measurements after 16 hours of fasting at the age of six weeks. Scatter dot plots represent the mean ± SD, *P < 0.05 (t-test, n = 16 control, n = 16 KA). (f) HOMA-IR results (FBG × plasma insulin/40). Scatter dot plots represent the mean ± SD, *P < 0.05 (t-test, n = 16 control, n = 16 KA). Scatter dot plots represent the mean ± SD, *P < 0.01 (t-test, n = 6 control, n = 6 KA). KA: kinase-active IKKβ; SD: standard deviation; GAPDH: glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase; IRS-1: insulin receptor substrate-1.