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. 2019 Oct 15;9:14829. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-51339-x

Figure 2.

Figure 2

Hydroxyurea therapy negatively impacts production of pro-inflammatory cytokines of monocytes in response to LPS. PBMC from sickle cell anemia patients were incubated with 100 ng/mL LPS in vitro and intracellular cytokine staining assay was performed to test whether hydroxyurea treatment in vivo induces changes in the capacity of monocytes to respond to LPS by producing TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-8. Data represent frequency of monocytes. HU group n = 17 and no HU group n = 20. At each experimental condition, the study groups were compared using the Mann-Whitney U test. *p < 0.05, ***p < 0.0001.