Fig. 8.

a Differentially abundant ASVs between the adult nematode and the ovine abomasum, showing level of fold change between either environment. b Oral ingestion of engineered E. coli by larvae in vitro. a Metabarcoding data for the adult nematodes were derived from 12 pooled samples (five H. contortus (four males, one mixed sex) and seven T. circumcincta (five females, one male, one mixed sex) samples) of 100 nematodes each. Metabarcoding data for the abomasum were derived from the abomasal washings of four lambs. Bacteria are labelled with the most accurate taxonomic classification available for that ASV. Differential abundance was determined with Deseq2. Additional classification to species level with SPINGO is provided. This classification was performed with no confidence cut-offs; thus, it is revealing yet imperfect with respect to the identification of the bacteria. b Eggs of H. contortus MHco3(ISE) were hatched to first-stage larvae and developed to second-stage larvae on NGM agar supplemented with E. coli OP50-1:GFP (pFPV25.1). DIC image left, U.V. Image on right depicting ingestion of GFP labelled OP50 in pharynx and entire length of gut (Mag x250)