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. 2019 Oct 9;10:2365. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.02365

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Copyright © 2019 Guo, Chen, Kwong, Shapiro and Sheng.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Comparison of gene-specific substitution profiles and usage of a substitution profile for investigating substitution preference. (A) Comparison of substitution frequencies of all amino acid types at all IGHV1-2 positions estimated using cAb-Rep dataset and previous dataset. A Pearson correlation coefficient of 0.982 suggested that the substitution profiles of IGHV1-2 are highly consistent. (B) The gene-specific substitution profile of IGHV1-2 and rarity of somatic hypermutations in HIV-1 bnAbs and autoantibodies. Rare mutations, colored red, are observed frequently in HIV-1 bnAbs but not in autoantibodies, suggesting the mutation patterns in HIV-1 bnAbs may be generated with low frequency. For each antibody sequence, residues identical to IGHV1-2*02 germline gene were shown with dots. Missing residues were showed with minus sign. The disease and antigen were labeled on the right side of each sequence.