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. 2019 Oct 9;10:2395. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.02395

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Copyright © 2019 Chen, Wu, Fang, Chen, Feng, Huang, Wei, Fang and Lin.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Patients with glioma display a stepwise immune deficiency in accordance with the grade classification. (A) PBMCs from 31 healthy donors (HD) and 117 patients (Patient) were evaluated by flow cytometry for CD3, CD19, and CD56 after gating lymphocytes. (B) The percentages of CD3⁺, CD19⁺, and CD56⁺ cells were quantified. (C) The expression of CD3⁺ decreased in accordance with the grade. (D) Comparisons of the percentages of CD3⁺, CD19⁺, and CD56⁺ cells across the grades are shown. Values shown are means ± SEM (bars); *p < 0.05, ^#p < 0.01 by Student's t-test.