Fig. 3.

PH enhances SHP-1 tyrosine phosphatase activity. a SHP-1 phosphatase activity. b The SHP-1-containing lysates of HCCs were collected by SHP-1 antibody and incubated with PH for 30 min. c PH enhanced SHP-1 activity in cell-free SHP-1 protein. d HCCcells were pre-treated with 25 μM specific SHP-1 inhibitor (PTPIII) for 30 min and then co-incubated with PH 50 μM for additional 48 h. e Knockdown of SHP-1 reversed the biological effects of PH on p-STAT3 and apoptosis. f PH reinforced apoptosis in stably expressing SHP-1 HCCs. g Purified dN1 and D61A mutants of SHP-1 were insensitive to PH treatment. h Percentage of apoptotic cells was analyzed by flow cytometry. i Effect of dN1 and D61A mutants on STAT3 expression. j Molecular model of PH. Experiments were conducted in triplicate and mean values ± SD (bars) are shown. *p < 0.05, and **p < 0.01 compared to control