Table 3.
Baseline risk factors selection for the prediction of CAD using LASSO–Cox regression model
| Risk factors | β coefficient | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Overall | Subset age < 35 years | Subset age ≥ 35 years | Subset HbA1c < 9% | Subset HbA1c ≥ 9% | |
| SBP | 0.168** | 0.033 | 0.081 | ||
| DBP | |||||
| PP | 0.247* | 0.128 | |||
| MAP | 0.153 | 0.147 | |||
| Age | 0.717** | 0.526** | 0.588** | 0.801** | |
| Age of diabetes onset | −0.192** | −0.177** | −0.172 | −0.207** | −0.151 |
| Female | |||||
| Ever smoking | 0.137 | 0.073 | 0.219* | 0.075 | 0.192 |
| BMI | 0.024 | 0.108 | |||
| Pulse rate | |||||
| HbA1c | |||||
| Urinary AER | 0.197 | 0.191* | 0.075 | 0.212* | 0.155 |
| HDL cholesterol | −0.134* | −0.388** | −0.085 | −0.125 | |
| Non-HDL cholesterol | 0.208** | 0.230** | 0.214* | 0.167 | |
| WBC | 0.090 | 0.082 | 0.030 | 0.066 | 0.094 |
| Antihypertensive use | 0.098 | 0.078 | 0.107 | 0.042 | 0.179 |
Inference with fixed lambda (optimal lambda based on 10-fold cross-validation). Abbreviations: AER, urinary albumin excretion rate; BMI, body mass index; CAD, coronary artery disease; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; HbA1c, hemoglobin A1c; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; LASSO, least absolute shrinkage and selection operator; MAP, mean artery pressure; PP, pulse pressure; SBP, systolic blood pressure; WBC, white blood cell counts.
*P < 0.05, **P <0.01.