Table 2. Adjusted ESBL prevalence per subgroup of study participants according to each risk factor, the Netherlands, 2014–2016 (n = 4,177).

Risk factors	Prevalence
	%	95% CI
Sex
Female	3.6	2.7–4.4
Male	5.1	4.0–6.2
Country of birth
Netherlands	4.1	3.4–4.8
Other	8.8	3.7–13.8
Eating in a restaurant
≤ 20 times a year	3.9	3.2–4.6
> 20 times a year	6.5	4.0–8.9
Used antibiotics in the past
Never	2.9	1.4–4.4
< 6 months ago	5.9	3.5–8.3
6–12 months ago	4.8	2.2–7.5
> 12 months ago	4.2	3.4–5.1
Swimming in the sea/ocean in the past 12 months
No	3.6	2.7–4.4
Yes	5.2	4.0–6.5
Changing the kitchen towel
Daily	2.3	1.2–3.4
Not daily	4.8	4.0–5.6
Travelled (in the past 12 months)
No	4.5	3.0–6.0
To Europe	3.7	2.9–4.5
To Africa	11.8	3.6–20.0
To Asia	8.4	4.4–12.5
To North America	1.6	0.0–3.7

ESBL: extended-spectrum beta-lactamase.

The adjusted prevalences based on the multivariate logistic regression model are presented in this table.