Figure 3.

BMS. a, Models that were compared using BMS. The models differed with regards to the modulated connection (pre-SMA–STN, IFG—STN, or both) and the experimental modulator (Prospect-of-reward, TMS, or both). We also created a null model (M-1), which postulated that no connections were modulated. The models did not differ with regards to endogenous coupling (A-matrix) or driving inputs (C-matrix; set to pre-SMA). b, Comparison of all considered models. There was strong evidence for the model postulating that both Prospect-of-reward and TMS modulated the connection from IFG to STN (model 9). c, Model parameters. Endogenous coupling (A-matrix) is indicated by yellow lines connecting the different regions. Contextual modulation (B-matrix; effect of Reward and TMS) is indicated by red lines modulating IFG–STN. The yellow arrow entering the network via pre-SMA indicates the driving inputs (compatible and incompatible trials). Coupling values are given in mean (SD).