(A) Time to first full-time job after completion of postgraduate training for the survey respondents whose first position was in either academia full-time, NIH or other federal agency, the pharmaceutical or biotech industries, or nongovernmental research institutes expressed as a fraction of the alumni at each time after graduation and decade of graduation. The number of individuals in each cohort is listed in parentheses. Note the rightward shift of the curves as a function of decade of graduation. Women, solid lines; men, dotted lines. (B) The average time to first full-time position for the cohort shown in A as a function of decade of graduation. Data for the cohort who graduated between 2005–2014 was not included in this analysis because most of them were still in postgraduate training.