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. 2019 Oct 16;10:4699. doi: 10.1038/s41467-019-12647-y

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© The Author(s) 2019

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 7 — Population data of cortical adaptation to ACMC. a Task performance in the initial and last phases of two consecutive ACMC sessions with different input electrodes in Monkey TE and M (Distant electrode [red], n = 16 sessions; Neighbouring electrode [black], n = 9 sessions). Task performance in Last 1 and Last 2 was significantly higher than in Initial 1 and Initial 2, while task performance after a shift to a neighbouring electrode was significantly higher than after a shift to a distant electrode (P < 10⁻⁵ by two-way ANOVA with Bonferroni’s correction for post hoc multiple comparisons). b The relationship between the change in MD (Initial 2 – Last 1) and distance from the input electrode. MD was significantly reduced when the input electrode was shifted to distant sites and unchanged when it was shifted to neighbouring sites. MD changes were not affected by distance from the input electrode. Two-way ANOVA; [Area] F₍₁₎ = 98.68, P = 5.63 × 10⁻²². [Distance] F₍₁₃₎ = 0.45, P = 0.95, not significant. Post hoc multiple comparisons with Bonferroni’s correction; P_{Distant vs Neighbouring} = 5.63 × 10⁻²². c The relationship between the difference of MD (Initial 2 – Initial 1) and distance from the input electrode. Difference of MD (Initial 2 – Initial 1) were significantly higher when the input electrode was moved to neighbouring sites compared to when it was moved to distant sites. Two-way ANOVA; [Area] F₍₁₎ = 34.65, P = 5.87 × 10⁻⁹. Post hoc multiple comparisons with Bonferroni’s correction; P_{Distant vs Neighbouring} = 5.87 × 10⁻⁹. d The relationship between difference of MD (Last 2 – Initial 2) and distance from the input electrode. A significant correlation between distance from the input electrode and difference of MD was found only for the distant electrodes, shown by the red dotted line (Pearson correlation coefficient, R = −0.129, P = 3.49 × 10⁻³). Data represent means and standard errors. Data for b–d were obtained from Monkey M and TE (Distant (red): n = 511 electrodes from 16 sessions; Neighbouring (black): n = 296 electrodes from nine sessions). Detailed statistical results for a–d are shown in the source data