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. 2019 Oct 16;18:158. doi: 10.1186/s12939-019-1066-3

Table 4.

Reproductive health indicators by Region of Birth (15+ years and older)

Region of birth
Africa (Col %) Southeast Asia (Col %) Europe/Central Asia (Col %) Latin America and the Caribbean (Col %) South Asia (Col %) Total (Col %) p-value
Total 541 (100) 634 (100) 603 (100) 351 (100) 6622 (100) 8751 (100.0)
Parity: number of births woman has had 0.000
 0 235 (47) 196 (33.7) 91 (20.2) 150 (46) 2005 (34) 2677 (34.5)
 1 4 (0.8) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 16 (0.3) 20 (0.3)
 2 108 (21.6) 123 (21.2) 134 (29.8) 68 (20.9) 1380 (23.4) 1813 (23.4)
 3+ 153 (30.6) 262 (45.1) 225 (50) 108 (33.1) 2503 (42.4) 3251 (41.9)
 Mean (SD) 2.5 (3.3) 4.3 (4.3) 3.8 (3.4) 2.9 (3.8) 3.2 (3.5) 3.3 (3.5)
Pregnancy result 0.000
 Negative 385 (93.4) 505 (97.7) 349 (93.8) 262 (94.2) 4063 (92.3) 5564 (93.0)
 Currently Pregnant 27 (6.6) 12 (2.3) 23 (6.2) 16 (5.8) 340 (7.7) 418 (7.0)
Experience of spontaneous abortion 0.000
 No miscarriages 389 (82.4) 469 (87.8) 136 (52.9) 256 (82.3) 4087 (81.5) 5337 (81.0)
 Miscarriage 83 (17.6) 65 (12.2) 121 (47.1) 55 (17.7) 928 (18.5) 1252 (19.0)
Abortion in lifetime 0.000
 No 441 (96.7) 378 (71.5) 122 (77.2) 266 (87.5) 4436 (93.8) 5643 (91.4)
 Yes 15 (3.3) 151 (28.5) 36 (22.8) 38 (12.5) 291 (6.2) 531 (8.6)
Female genital cutting 0.000
 No 337 (69.9) 554 (99.5) 516 (99.6) 331 (99.4) 5926 (99.8) 7664 (97.9)
 Yes 145 (30.1) 3 (0.5) 2 (0.4) 2 (0.6) 10 (0.2) 162 (2.1)
Hep B surface antigen 0.000
 Non-reactive 523 (97.9) 595 (95.5) 581 (98.8) 344 (99.4) 6452 (99.2) 8495 (98.8)
 Reactive 11 (2.1) 28 (4.5) 7 (1.2) 2 (0.6) 54 (0.8) 102 (1.2)
Hep C 0.000
 Non-reactive 479 (96.8) 469 (98.5) 519 (97) 284 (99.6) 5430 (99) 7181 (98.7)
 Reactive 16 (3.2) 7 (1.5) 16 (3) 1 (0.4) 56 (1) 96 (1.3)
HIV 0.000
 Negative 517 (97.9) 622 (100) 590 (100) 340 (99.1) 6423 (100) 8492 (99.8)
 Positive 11 (2.1) 0 (0) 0 (0) 3 (0.9) 3 (0) 17 (0.2)
Syphilis VDRL or RPR 0.693
 Non-reactive 517 (99.2) 601 (99.7) 574 (99.7) 340 (99.7) 6327 (99.6) 8359 (99.6)
 Reactive 4 (0.8) 2 (0.3) 2 (0.3) 1 (0.3) 23 (0.4) 32 (0.4)
Chlamydiaa 0.000
 Negative 136 (99.3) 127 (94.1) 121 (99.2) 103 (93.6) 1281 (99.5) 1768 (98.7)
 Positive 1 (0.7) 8 (5.9) 1 (0.8) 7 (6.4) 6 (0.5) 23 (1.3)

Age ≥ 15 for all observations

aAge ≥ 16 to Age ≤ 25