Table 1.
Clinical characteristics
| M0 (N = 74) |
M1 (N = 161) |
Total (N = 235) |
|
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years), median (IQR) | 77.3 (71.3–81.3) | 74.8 (70.0–80.4) | 75.1 (70.2–80.6) |
| BMI (kg/m2), median (IQR) | 28.3 (25.7–30.9) | 27.7 (25.4–30.1) | 27.7 (25.5–30.4) |
| Gleason score at diagnosis, n (%) | |||
| ≤ 7 | 32 (43.9) | 55 (36.4) | 87 (38.8) |
| > 7 | 41 (56.2) | 96 (63.6) | 137 (61.2) |
| ECOG performance status, n (%) | |||
| ECOG 0–1 | 66 (89.2) | 147 (91.9) | 213 (91.0) |
| ECOG 2–3 | 8 (10.8) | 13 (8.1) | 21 (9.0) |
| Locally advanced and metastatic disease at diagnosis, n (%) | 7 (9.6) | 63 (39.9) | 70 (30.3) |
| Extension of the disease at present, n (%) (multiple answers possible) | 17 (24.3) | 161 (100) | 178 (75.7) |
| Bone | 0 (0) | 145 (90.1) | 145 (61.7) |
| ≤ 5 bone metastases | 0 | 70 (48.3) | 70 (29.8) |
| > 5 bone metastases | 0 | 75 (51.7) | 75 (31.9) |
| Locoregional lymph nodes | 17 (23.0) | 48 (29.8) | 65 (27.7) |
| VDistant lymph nodes | 0 (0) | 36 (22.4) | 36 (15.3) |
| Visceral | 0 (0) | 6 (3.7) | 6 (2.6) |
| Lung | 0 (0) | 2 (33.3) | 2 (33.3) |
| Liver | 0 (0) | 2 (33.3) | 2 (33.3) |
| Multiple locations | 0 (0) | 2 (33.3) | 2 (33.3) |
| Concomitant disease, n (%) (multiple answers possible) | |||
| Hypertension | 42 (56.8) | 93 (57.8) | 135 (57.4) |
| Diabetes mellitus | 19 (25.7) | 34 (21.1) | 53 (22.6) |
| Obesity | 19 (25.7) | 31 (19.3) | 50 (21.3) |
| Cardiovascular disease | 17 (23.0) | 32 (19.9) | 49 (20.9) |
| Respiratory disorders | 12 (16.2) | 20 (12.4) | 32 (13.6) |
| Anaemia | 7 (9.5) | 17 (10.6) | 24 (10.2) |
| Depression | 6 (8.1) | 8 (5.0) | 14 (6.0) |
| Laboratory parameters, median (IQR) | |||
| PSA (ng/ml) | 11.9 (7.1–30.2) | 24.2 (6.6–63.8) | 17.8 (6.8–43.3) |
| Testosterone (ng/dl) | 0.3 (0.1–12) | 0.3 (0.1–2.5) | 0.3 (0.1–5.4) |
| Hb (g/dl) | 13.9 (13–14.2) | 13.1 (12–14) | 13.4 (12.2–14.2) |
| LDH (UI/I) | 209 (181.3–371.5) | 217.5 (173.8–323.5) | 216 (178.3–349.8) |
| Alkaline phosphatase (UI/I) | 77.1 (58–104) | 105 (75.8–176.8) | 94 (70–147) |
BMI Body mass index, Hb Haemoglobin, IQR Interquartile range, LDH Lactate dehydrogenase, PSA Prostate-specific antigen