Table 3.
Mean (standard error of the mean)) of urinary nitrate, 1-Methylhistidine, and 3-Methylhistidineexcretion, faecal water apparent nitroso compounds (ATNC) and Comet assay tail intensity levels for the unprocessed white and processed red meat group at baseline and after the low and high-nitrate (NO3−) drinking water periods
| Unprocessed white Meat | Processed red Meat | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Baseline | Low NO3− drinking water levels (< 1.5 mg/L) |
High NO3− drinking water levels (ADI- levels) |
pt-test | Baseline | Low NO3− drinking water levels (< 1.5 mg/L) |
High NO3− drinking water levels (ADI-levels) |
pt-test | |
| Urinary NO3− [μmol/day] | 740 (218) | 375 (67) | 1071 (111) |
< 0.001a 0.19b 0.13c |
714 (110) | 634 (255) | 1572 (295) |
< 0.05a 0.05b 0.78c |
| Urinary 1-Methylhistidine [μmol/day] | 25.1 (7.0) | 15.8 (3.3) | 18.6 (5.0) |
0.64a 0.46b 0.25c |
20.7 (3.5) | 29.1 (7.0) | 31.2 (5.5) |
0.81a < 0.05b 0.30c |
| Urinary 3-Methylhistidine [μmol/day] | 63.9 (36.9) | 256.6 (50.9) | 296.8 (98.4) |
0.72a < 0.01b,c |
73.4 (23.0) | 26.2 (11.3) | 11.8 (2.5) |
0.24a < 0.05b 0.09c |
| Faecal water ATNC† [μmol/L] | 15.8 (3.2) | 14.7 (3.8) | 30.2 (6.0) |
< 0.05a 0.05b 0.83c |
16.7 (3.0) | 17.6 (3.2) | 44.2 (7.7) |
< 0.01a,b 0.84c |
| Cometd | 100.0 (0.0) | 157.3 (37.9) | 152.9 (50.4) |
0.89a 0.35b 0.16c |
100.0 (0.0) | 173.2 (28.7) | 138.0 (23.4) |
0.35a 0.21b < 0.05c |
a) difference between low NO3− and high NO3− drinking water period; b) difference between high NO3− drinking water period and baseline; c) difference between low NO3− drinking water period and baseline
dtail intensity levels relative to baseline