Table 4.
Changes in anthropometric parameters and nutrition indexes from day 0 to day 60 in elderly T2DM subjects
| non-WSP-EN | WSP-EN | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Day 0 | Day 60 | Changes | Day 0 | Day 60 | Changes | |
| BW (kg) | 54.89 ± 7.40 | 54.88 ± 7.19 | − 0.02 ± 2.27 | 51.56 ± 9.29 | 52.83 ± 9.28 * | 1.27 ± 1.40 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 23.14 ± 3.39 | 23.15 ± 3.46 | 0.01 ± 0.94 | 21.62 ± 4.13 | 22.17 ± 4.27 * | 0.55 ± 0.62 |
| CC (cm) | 26.70 ± 4.07 | 26.88 ± 4.30 | 0.18 ± 1.76 | 26.18 ± 4.01 | 25.94 ± 3.85 | − 0.24 ± 1.19 |
| MAC (cm) | 26.42 ± 2.33 | 26.91 ± 2.99 | 0.49 ± 3.34 | 25.51 ± 3.72 | 25.63 ± 3.23 | 0.12 ± 1.93 |
| MAMC (cm) | 21.64 ± 3.44 | 21.71 ± 2.34 | 0.08 ± 3.61 | 21.12 ± 3.09 | 21.35 ± 2.51 | 0.23 ± 2.26 |
| TSF (mm) | 15.25 ± 6.80 | 16.51 ± 5.97 | 1.26 ± 3.52 | 13.98 ± 6.87 | 13.61 ± 5.00 | −0.37 ± 4.24 |
| MNA (score) | 20.78 ± 1.67 | 20.69 ± 2.85 | −0.09 ± 2.77 | 18.85 ± 3.71 | 20.13 ± 3.59 * | 1.27 ± 1.43 |
| GNRI (score) | 49.17 ± 6.51 | 49.16 ± 6.69 | −0.01 ± 1.88 | 46.25 ± 7.95 | 47.40 ± 8.14 * | 1.15 ± 1.27 # |
Data are presented as means ± standard deviations.
*Significant within-group difference after intervention (paired t test analysis; p < 0.05).
#Significant between-groups difference after intervention (independent t test; p < 0.05).
BMI body mass index; CC calf circumference; MAC mid-arm circumference; MAMC mid-arm muscle circumference; TSF triceps skinfold; MNA Mini Nutritional Assessment; GNRI geriatric nutritional risk index.
*p < 0.05 pre- vs. post-treatment, paired t test.
#p < 0.05 between non-WSP-EN vs. WSP-EN group, independent-sample t test