Table 6.
Changes in blood biomarkers and nutritional indexes from day 0 to day 60 in elderly T2DM subjects
| Non-WSP-EN | WSP-EN | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Day 0 | Day 60 | Changes | Day 0 | Day 60 | Changes | |
| AST (U/L) | 25.75 ± 15.41 | 46.00 ± 86.46 | 20.25 ± 88.42 | 26.96 ± 16.96 | 24.25 ± 9.23 | −2.71 ± 10.59 |
| ALT (U/L) | 22.19 ± 15.55 | 33.00 ± 49.40 | 10.81 ± 50.23 | 24.08 ± 25.52 | 21.00 ± 13.21 | −3.08 ± 16.69 |
| Pre-Alb (mg/dL) | 22.86 ± 4.30 | 21.96 ± 5.70 | −0.89 ± 3.03 | 23.63 ± 6.30 | 24.70 ± 6.04 | 1.06 ± 2.81 # |
| Albumin (g/dL) | 3.56 ± 0.24 | 3.53 ± 0.25 | −0.03 ± 0.17 | 3.54 ± 0.38 | 3.61 ± 0.35 | 0.07 ± 0.23 |
| Cr (mg/dL) | 0.62 ± 0.19 | 0.64 ± 0.22 | 0.03 ± 0.07 | 0.76 ± 0.30 | 0.73 ± 0.27 | − 0.03 ± 0.11 |
| BUN (mg/dL) | 13.31 ± 5.51 | 14.75 ± 5.98 | 1.44 ± 4.24 | 18.50 ± 11.73 | 20.58 ± 9.45 | 2.08 ± 6.70 |
| Uric acid (mg/dL) | 5.71 ± 1.61 | 5.41 ± 1.58 | − 0.30 ± 0.71 | 5.60 ± 1.85 | 4.71 ± 1.59 * | − 0.89 ± 0.92 # |
| Transferrin (mg/dL) | 237.68 ± 48.98 | 239.23 ± 51.97 | 1.54 ± 17.32 | 223.06 ± 38.85 | 245.85 ± 46.08 * | 22.78 ± 16.74 # |
| Hs-CRP (mg/dL) | 0.78 ± 0.97 | 1.68 ± 1.95 * | 0.90 ± 1.50 | 0.69 ± 0.59 | 0.76 ± 0.64 | 0.07 ± 0.75 |
| Vitamin A (μM) | 2.82 ± 0.35 | 2.71 ± 0.49 | −0.11 ± 0.21 | 2.45 ± 0.77 | 2.74 ± 0.93 * | 0.29 ± 0.46 |
| Vitamin E (μM) | 33.06 ± 7.62 | 34.31 ± 8.93 | 1.25 ± 2.63 | 29.04 ± 6.68 | 31.23 ± 11.33 | 2.18 ± 8.50 |
Data are presented as means ± standard deviations.
* Significant within-group difference after intervention (paired t test analysis; p < 0.05).
# Significant between-groups difference after intervention (independent t test; p < 0.05).
AST aspartate aminotransferase; ALT alanine aminotransferase; Pre-Alb Pre-albumin; BUN blood urea nitrogen; Hs-CRP high-sensitivity C-reactive protein.
*p < 0.05 pre- vs. post-treatment, paired t test.
#p < 0.05 between non-WSP-EN vs. WSP-EN group, independent-sample t test