Table 1.
Age and body composition variables of the participants (Women).
| Variables |
Exercise group (n = 11) |
Control group (n = 13) |
P for time x group | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Before | After | P for within-group comparison | Effect size | Before | After | P for within-group comparison | Effect size | ||
| Age (years) | 63.9 ± 6.1 | 62.6 ± 3.8 | |||||||
| Body height (cm) | 156.2 ± 6.7 | 156.1 ± 6.7 | 0.053 | 0.01 | 157.5 ± 6.4 | 157.4 ± 6.3 | 0.104 | 0.02 | 0.591 |
| Body mass (kg) | 64.9 ± 7.7 | 62.8 ± 7.4* | <0.05 | 0.28 | 65.9 ± 5.6 | 67.4 ± 5.8* | <0.05 | 0.26 | <0.01 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 26.6 ± 2.2 | 25.8 ± 2.1* | <0.05 | 0.37 | 26.7 ± 3.2 | 27.3 ± 3.0* | <0.05 | 0.19 | <0.01 |
| Fat% | 34.2 ± 8.3 | 31.4 ± 7.4* | <0.05 | 0.36 | 35.9 ± 6.2 | 36.2 ± 6.8 | 0.687 | 0.05 | <0.05 |
| Fat mass (kg) | 22.4 ± 7.6 | 19.9 ± 5.7* | <0.05 | 0.42 | 23.7 ± 5.0 | 24.4 ± 5.5 | 0.230 | 0.13 | <0.01 |
| Fat-free mass (kg) | 42.5 ± 5.4 | 42.9 ± 5.6 | 0.379 | 0.07 | 42.2 ± 5.1 | 43.0 ± 5.7 | 0.320 | 0.15 | 0.764 |
| Abdominal subcutaneous fat area (cm2) | 209.9 ± 58.3 | 192.7 ± 53.7 | 0.057 | 0.31 | 212.5 ± 46.4 | 220.8 ± 49.1* | <0.05 | 0.17 | <0.01 |
| Abdominal visceral fat area (cm2) | 85.6 ± 40.2 | 75.0 ± 27.6 | 0.081 | 0.30 | 88.2 ± 23.8 | 91.5 ± 21.0 | 0.321 | 0.15 | <0.05 |
| Waist circumstance (cm) | 86.0 ± 13.0 | 81.9 ± 9.4 | 0.106 | 0.36 | 87.4 ± 8.9 | 91.9 ± 9.4 | 0.115 | 0.49 | <0.05 |
| Hip circumstance (cm) | 99.9 ± 7.6 | 99.8 ± 8.4 | 0.979 | 0.01 | 97.8 ± 8.2 | 100.2 ± 8.2** | <0.01 | 0.29 | <0.05 |
| Waist-hip ratio | 0.86 ± 0.09 | 0.82 ± 0.07 | 0.194 | 0.50 | 0.89 ± 0.07 | 0.92 ± 0.07 | 0.340 | 0.31 | 0.120 |
Note: All data are presented in mean ± SD. BMI, body mass index. *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01.