Fig. 3.

Prevalence of malaria infection in different WS users identified by microscopy for each national survey. (A) The association between malaria prevalence and different drinking water sources. (B) The association between malaria prevalence and different sanitation conditions. Chi-square (χ²) tests or Fisher’s exact tests were used to assess the differences in malaria infection between the various WS users. The infections were determined by microscopy. #P-values were obtained with Fisher’s exact test. P-values (>0.05) were obtained with χ² tests or Fisher’s exact tests; all unmarked P-values are less than 0.001. WS = Drinking Water and Sanitation.