Fig. 4.

Heart rate variability (HRV) before and after carcinoma cell injection (CI). HRV calculated as SDANN in ms (standard deviation of R-R intervals in 1 min segments of 12 h during the dark phase, 7pm-7am) before surgery, after carcinoma cell injection (CI) on day 0 and on the recovery day 1–3 (A). To evaluate the performance of HRV the area under the curve (AUC), the 95% confidence interval (CI) and the P-value (p) were assessed by performing receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis on data from mice before (−1) and after carcinoma cell injection (0) (B). Significance was determined for these parametric data by One Way ANOVA for repeated measurement, followed by multiple comparison via the Tukey test (A): P ≤ 0.05 (n = 9). For details of the data, see Table 3.