Table 1.
Clinical characteristics of subjects.
| QFS Discovery | P value | QFS Validation | P value | FAS Replication | P value | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Control | Obesity | Control | Obesity | Control | Obesity | ||||
| Sex (male/female) | 235/273 | 68/128 | 0.01 | 50/77 | 27/23 | 0.08 | 55/47 | 13/26 | 0.03 |
| Age (years) | 42.0 ± 17.4 | 44.7 ± 15.7 | 0.06 | 41.8 ± 16.3 | 46.1 ± 13.2 | 0.09 | 30.9 ± 8.5 | 33.4 ± 9.6 | 0.14 |
| Height (m) | 1.7 ± 0.1 | 1.6 ± 0.1 | 0.08 | 1.6 ± 0.1 | 1.7 ± 0.1 | 0.19 | 1.7 ± 0.1 | 1.7 ± 0.1 | 0.28 |
| Weight (kg) | 66.6 ± 11.0 | 101.7 ± 20.7 | <0.0001 | 65.0 ± 11.3 | 104.7 ± 19.4 | <0.0001 | 78.5 ± 10.3 | 96.5 ± 14.7 | <0.0001 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 24.1 ± 3.0 | 37.8 ± 7.2 | <0.0001 | 23.8 ± 3.0 | 37.5 ± 6.3 | <0.0001 | 26.5 ± 1.7 | 33.4 ± 3.1 | <0.0001 |
| Waist circumference (cm) | 81.1 ± 10.7 | 111.0 ± 15.1 | <0.0001 | 78.9 ± 10.2 | 113.8 ± 12.6 | <0.0001 | 85.6 ± 6.0 | 88.3 ± 7.8 | 0.03 |
| Triglycerides (mmol/l) | 1.45 ± 1.59 | 1.92 ± 0.85 | <0.0001 | 1.26 ± 0.62 | 2.18 ± 1.50 | <0.0001 | 1.23 ± 0.66 | 1.55 ± 0.70 | 0.01 |
| Total cholesterol (mmol/l) | 5.00 ± 1.18 | 5.00 ± 1.03 | 0.99 | 4.92 ± 0.91 | 4.91 ± 0.90 | 0.95 | 4.79 ± 0.94 | 5.18 ± 0.99 | 0.03 |
| HDL cholesterol (mmol/l) | 1.27 ± 0.31 | 1.09 ± 0.27 | <0.0001 | 1.39 ± 0.36 | 0.97 ± 0.21 | <0.0001 | 1.42 ± 0.35 | 1.41 ± 0.46 | 0.89 |
| LDL cholesterol (mmol/l) | 3.09 ± 0.93 | 3.05 ± 0.90 | 0.61 | 2.98 ± 0.76 | 3.01 ± 0.76 | 0.81 | 2.80 ± 0.88 | 3.07 ± 0.87 | 0.10 |
| SBP (mm Hg) | 118.6 ± 19.6 | 126.6 ± 20.5 | <0.0001 | 114.9 ± 18.2 | 127.1 ± 15.7 | <0.0001 | 112.7 ± 12.4 | 113.7 ± 12.1 | 0.65 |
| DBP (mm Hg) | 71.8 ± 9.7 | 76.6 ± 10.7 | <0.0001 | 69.7 ± 9.6 | 77.6 ± 9.8 | <0.0001 | 67.0 ± 8.4 | 72.5 ± 7.3 | 0.0004 |
| Fasting glucose (mmol/l) | 5.18 ± 0.96 | 5.78 ± 1.64 | <0.0001 | 5.06 ± 0.79 | 6.23 ± 2.30 | <0.0001 | 4.91 ± 0.44 | 5.23 ± 0.42 | 0.0001 |
| Fasting insulin (mU/l) | 5.67 ± 3.51 | 12.77 ± 7.60 | <0.0001 | 5.10 ± 3.43 | 12.99 ± 8.37 | <0.0001 | 7.61 ± 3.17 | 10.51 ± 4.43 | <0.0001 |
| HOMA-IR | 1.37 ± 1.19 | 3.44 ± 2.85 | <0.0001 | 1.17 ± 0.87 | 3.65 ± 2.93 | <0.0001 | 1.66 ± 0.66 | 2.43 ± 1.01 | <0.0001 |
Data are presented as means ± SD or number of participants (sex). Male/female ratio was analyzed by the χ2-test. Quantitative traits were analyzed using the independent t-test. BMI, body mass index; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; HOMA-IR, homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (calculated as fasting glucose (mmol/l) x Fasting insulin (mU/ml) / 22.5).