Table 1. Main characteristics of the selected studies.
| Article | Participants | Intervention | Outcomes | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Carmi112 | 41 OCD patients, 38 completers, 38 reported. | H7 coil, 20 Hz (50,000 total pulses), or 1 Hz (22,500 total pulses), 100-110% RMT.4 cm anterior to the hot spot. | 20 Hz significantly better than sham at completion and 1 week follow up. | Un-blinding and removal of 1 Hz group prior to study completion. |
| Ceccanti113 | 18 male patients with alcohol use disorder, three completers, 18 reported. | H-coil, 20 Hz (15,000 total pulses), 120% RMT.5 cm anterior to the hot spot. | Reduced alcohol intake up to 3 months in active group after completion. | No intergroup difference in clinical outcomes, but significant reduction of prolactinemia and cortisolemia. |
| Enticott114 | 30 high-functioning autistic adults, 19 completers, 18 reported. | H-coil, 5 Hz (15,000 total pulses), 100% RMT.7 cm anterior to the hot spot. | Social relations improved in active group. | Significant differences only in subscales, full clinical measures scores unaffected. |
| Herrmann115 | 47 acrophobic patients, 44 completers, 39 reported. | Round coil, 10 Hz (3,120 total pulses), 100% RMT. Reference point 10% of nasion-inion distance. | Acrophobic symptoms improved in active group. | Results were not sustained at 3 months follow up. |
| Isserles116 | 30 PTSD patients, 25 completers, 26 reported. | H-coil, 20 Hz (20,160 total pulses), 120% RMT.3 cm above nasion. | Improvement in rTMS + traumatic exposure group for up to 2 months follow up. | No intergroup difference with control or rTMS + no exposure groups. Exposure procedure not measured for effectiveness. |
| Kreuzer117 | 45 patients with moderate/severe depression, 40 completers, 40 reported. | Double cone (mPFC) or figure-of-eight (dlPFC), 10 Hz (30,000 total pulses), 110% RMT.1.5 cm anterior to one-third of nasion-inion distance (mPFC stimulation site). | mPFC group responded better than dlPFC group by the end of treatment sessions. | Significant difference in mPFC vs. dlPFC group. Neither group differed from sham. |
dlPFC = dorsolateral prefrontal cortex; mPFC = medial prefrontal cortex; OCD = obsessive-compulsive disorder; PTSD = post-traumatic stress disorder; RMT = resting motor threshold; rTMS = repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation.