TABLE 1. Characteristics of patients.
| Variable | All patients |
Pre-term ≤32 6/7 weeks, intubated at day-of-life 1 |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Group 1 (n = 294) | Group 2 (n = 295) | p | Group 1 (n = 46) | Group 2 (n = 38) | p | |
| Female, n (%) | 126 (42.9) | 115 (39.3) | 0.37 | 20 (43.5) | 13 (34.2) | 0.39 |
| Gestational age,a weeks (mean (SD)) | 34.7 (5.0) | 35.2 (4.6) | 0.40 | 28.3 (2.7) | 28.8 (2.4) | 0.38 |
| Birthweight, kg (mean (SD)) | 2.4 (1.1) | 2.5 (0.99) | 0.52 | 1.2 (0.50 | 1.2 (0.4) | 0.72 |
| Weight at extubation, kg (mean (SD)) | 2.6 (1.1) | 2.7 (0.99) | 0.38 | 1.4 (0.6) | 1.3 (0.4) | 0.88 |
| FiO2 prior extubation (mean (SD)) | 0.23 (0.1) | 0.23 (0.1) | 0.14 | 0.27 (0.1) | 0.23 (0.1) | 0.17 |
| Received antenatal steroids, n (%) | — | — | — | 21 (46.7) | 21 (56.8) | 0.36 |
| Received Surfactant, n (%) | — | — | — | 38 (82.6) | 24 (63.2) | 0.04 |
| All grade IVH, n (%) | — | — | — | 13 (28.2) | 13 (34.2) | 0.99 |
| Post-extubation supportb | ||||||
| Room air | 160 (54.4) | 170 (57.6) | — | 6 (13.0) | 10 (26.3) | — |
| CPAP | 59 (20.1) | 79 (26.8) | — | 24 (52.2) | 18 (47.4) | — |
| Biphasic CPAP | 5 (2.5) | 0 | — | 2 (4.4) | 0 | — |
| LFNC | 40 (13.6) | 14 (4.8) | — | 1 (2.2) | 1 (2.6) | — |
| HFNC | 6 (2.0) | 2 (0.7) | — | 0 | 0 | — |
| NIPPV | 20 (6.8) | 28 (9.5) | — | 10 (21.7) | 8 (21.1) | — |
| NI-HFOV | 3 (1.0) | 1 (0.3) | — | 0 | 0 | — |
| Oxyhood | 1 (0.3) | 1 (0.3) | — | 0 | 0 | — |
| Main diagnosis category | ||||||
| Respiratory | 48 (16.3) | 44 (14.9) | — | — | — | — |
| Infectious | 9 (3) | 6 (2) | — | — | — | — |
| Cardiac | 7 (3.1) | 5 (1.7) | — | — | — | — |
| Neurologic | 41 (13.9) | 58 (19.7) | — | — | — | — |
| Genetic/metabolic | 10 (3.4) | 12 (4.1) | — | — | — | — |
| Surgical | 61 (20.7) | 64 (21.7) | — | — | — | — |
| Prematurity and related complications | 118 (40.1) | 106 (35.9) | — | — | — | — |
| Length of stay, days (Median (range)) | 13 (1–199) | 11 (2–221) | 0.29 | 32 (3–199) | 23 (3–123) | 0.30 |
a
n = 2 missing from Group 1.
b
unable to run Chi-Square test because of low cell count.
Note: CPAP, continuous positive airway pressure; FiO2, fractional inspiratory oxygen; HFNC, high-flow nasal cannula; IVH, intraventicular hemorrhage; LFNC, low-flow nasal cannula; NI-HFOV, noninvasive high-flow oscillatory ventilation; NIPPV, noninvasive positive pressure ventilation.