Table 2.

Crude and multivariable-adjusted prevalence ratios for neonatal death associated with caesarean versus vaginal delivery, Ethiopia DHS 2000, 2005, 2011 and 2016

	Prevalence ratio (95% CI) for neonatal death
Ethiopia DHS 2000
Vaginal delivery	1 (Ref.)
Caesarean delivery, crude (n=10 873)	0.93 (0.38 to 2.30)
Caesarean delivery, model 1* (n=10 853)	0.95 (0.29 to 3.19)
Ethiopia DHS 2005
Vaginal delivery	1 (Ref.)
Caesarean delivery, crude (n=9 861)	1.74 (0.67 to 4.51)
Caesarean delivery, model 1* (n=9 861)	1.53 (0.52 to 4.50)
Ethiopia DHS 2011
Vaginal delivery	1 (Ref.)
Caesarean delivery, crude (n=11 654)	1.49 (0.62 to 3.61)
Caesarean delivery, model 1* (n=11 654)	1.15 (0.45 to 2.93)
Ethiopia DHS 2016
Vaginal delivery	1 (Ref.)
Caesarean delivery, crude (n=10 641)	3.02 (1.37 to 6.66)
Caesarean delivery, model 1* (n=10 641)	2.81 (1.11 to 7.13)

*Adjusted for place of delivery, type of residence (urban/rural), sex of child, size of baby at birth, mother’s age at birth, mother’s education, birth order and household wealth.

DHS, Demographic and Health Surveys.