Table 1.
Demographic and clinical characteristics of MA users with and without psychosis
| MA users without psychosis (n=120) | MA users with psychosis (n=113) | Statistical analysis | |
| n (%) | n (%) | χ2/Fisher’s exact test | |
| Gender: male | 95 (79.2) | 106 (93.8) | χ2=9.33, p=0.002 |
| MA use disorder | |||
| Abuse | 18 (15.0) | 2 (1.8) | OR=9.72, p<0.001 |
| Dependence | 102 (85) | 111 (98.2) | |
| Comorbid alcohol use disorder (including lifetime) | 52 (43.3) | 54 (47.8) | χ2=0.303, p=0.582 |
| Comorbid cannabis use disorder (including lifetime) | 25 (20.8) | 33 (29.2) | χ2=1.756, p=0.185 |
| History of intravenous drug use | 4 (3.3) | 5 (4.4) | OR=1.34, p=0.743 |
| History of suicide attempt | 10 (8.3) | 17 (15.0) | χ2=1.95, p=0.163 |
| Antisocial personality disorder | 13 (10.8) | 27 (23.9) | χ2=6.09, p=0.014 |
| History of hospitalisation for mental illnesses | 1 (0.8) | 11 (9.7) | OR=12.73, p=0.002 |
| History of hospitalisation for substance abuse | 24 (20) | 52 (46) | χ2=16.76, p<0.001 |
| Most common route of MA use in the past month | |||
| Smoking | 120 (100.0) | 107 (94.7) | OR=0.0, p=0.012 |
| Intravenous use | 0 (0.0) | 6 (5.3) | |
| ≥16 days of MA use in the past month | 23 (19.2) | 41 (36.3) | χ2=7.72, p=0.005 |
| Mean ( SD ) | Mean ( SD ) | Student t-test | |
| Age (years) | 27.80 (7.72) | 28.75 (6.65) | t=1.006, p=0.316 |
| Age at first MA use (years) | 19.04 (5.83) | 17.65 (4.31) | t=2.068, p=0.040 |
| Severity of dependence (SDS score) | 4.70 (2.34) | 5.08 (2.38) | t=1.227, p=0.221 |
| Cognitive function (MoCA score) | 25.77 (3.23) | 24.95 (2.96) | t=2.01, p=0.046 |
| MA concentration levels in hair (ng/mg) | 18.93 (24.66) | 13.68 (25.95) | t=1.582, p=0.115 |
MA, methamphetamine; MoCA, Montreal Cognitive Assessment; SDS, Severity of Dependence Scale.