Table 1.
Respondent characteristics
| Men (n=34 051) | Women (n=38 970) | |||||
| n | % | Incidence rate per 1000 person-years |
n | % | Incidence rate per 1000 person-years |
|
| Age (years) | ||||||
| 65–69 | 11 352 | 34.8 | 4.7 | 12 018 | 32.1 | 2.7 |
| 70–74 | 9751 | 29.9 | 9.9 | 10 993 | 29.4 | 5.6 |
| 75–79 | 7272 | 22.3 | 21.1 | 8570 | 22.9 | 14.7 |
| 80–84 | 4045 | 12.4 | 33.8 | 5006 | 13.4 | 34.7 |
| 85 or older | 1631 | 5.0 | 79.4 | 2383 | 6.4 | 79.1 |
| Educational attainment | ||||||
| <6 | 497 | 1.5 | 48.5 | 1211 | 3.1 | 59.4 |
| 6–9 | 14 523 | 42.7 | 18.3 | 18 903 | 48.5 | 14.0 |
| 10–12 | 10 517 | 30.9 | 11.9 | 12 272 | 31.5 | 10.4 |
| ≥13 | 6844 | 20.1 | 12.6 | 4332 | 11.1 | 9.7 |
| Other or missing | 1670 | 4.9 | 28.7 | 2252 | 5.8 | 25.6 |
| Equivalised income | ||||||
| Low | 22 521 | 69.1 | 14.7 | 22 708 | 60.6 | 12.6 |
| Middle | 5653 | 17.3 | 13.0 | 5495 | 14.7 | 11.5 |
| High | 925 | 2.8 | 10.3 | 832 | 2.2 | 13.5 |
| Missing | 4952 | 15.2 | 27.1 | 9935 | 26.5 | 20.1 |
| Marital status | ||||||
| Married | 28 361 | 87.0 | 14.4 | 21 903 | 58.5 | 8.6 |
| Separated/divorced | 3571 | 11.0 | 26.6 | 14 132 | 37.7 | 22.0 |
| Never married | 444 | 1.4 | 9.8 | 815 | 2.2 | 20.9 |
| Other or missing | 1675 | 5.1 | 25.7 | 2120 | 5.7 | 21.8 |
| Living arrangements | ||||||
| Living with other | 30 211 | 92.7 | 15.3 | 31 306 | 83.6 | 13.6 |
| Living alone | 2287 | 7.0 | 19.1 | 6041 | 16.1 | 17.0 |
| Missing | 1553 | 4.8 | 27.5 | 1623 | 4.3 | 19.7 |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | ||||||
| <18.5 | 1798 | 5.5 | 38.9 | 3098 | 8.3 | 26.0 |
| 18.5–24.9 | 22 990 | 70.6 | 14.1 | 24 947 | 66.6 | 11.7 |
| ≥25.0 | 7199 | 22.1 | 11.5 | 7896 | 21.1 | 11.7 |
| Missing | 2064 | 6.3 | 36.4 | 3029 | 8.1 | 32.6 |
| Self-rated health | ||||||
| Excellent | 4208 | 12.4 | 6.8 | 4173 | 10.7 | 6.3 |
| Good | 22 743 | 66.8 | 11.8 | 27 015 | 69.3 | 11.3 |
| Fair | 5778 | 17.0 | 33.3 | 6351 | 16.3 | 27.7 |
| Poor | 1021 | 3.0 | 57.9 | 878 | 2.3 | 49.9 |
| Missing | 301 | 0.9 | 26.7 | 553 | 1.4 | 22.3 |
| Present illness | ||||||
| No | 8391 | 25.8 | 9.7 | 8454 | 22.6 | 9.5 |
| Yes | 23 171 | 71.1 | 17.8 | 26 981 | 72.0 | 15.5 |
| Missing | 2489 | 7.6 | 22.4 | 3535 | 9.4 | 17.9 |
| Geriatric Depression Scale | ||||||
| No depression | 21 055 | 64.6 | 11.2 | 22 164 | 59.2 | 10.1 |
| Depressive tendency | 6063 | 18.6 | 22.3 | 6491 | 17.3 | 19.9 |
| Depression | 2013 | 6.2 | 29.3 | 2083 | 5.6 | 29.2 |
| Missing | 4920 | 15.1 | 24.7 | 8232 | 22.0 | 18.1 |
| Instrumental activities of daily living | ||||||
| Without difficulty | 22 452 | 68.9 | 10.8 | 31 079 | 83.0 | 7.8 |
| With difficulty | 8996 | 27.6 | 27.4 | 5188 | 13.9 | 49.5 |
| Missing | 2603 | 8.0 | 23.8 | 2703 | 7.2 | 25.2 |
| Alcohol consumption | ||||||
| Never | 18 187 | 53.4 | 11.6 | 5405 | 13.9 | 7.8 |
| Past | 2022 | 5.9 | 27.2 | 366 | 0.9 | 21.5 |
| Current | 11 710 | 34.4 | 20.5 | 30 709 | 78.8 | 15.1 |
| Missing | 2132 | 6.3 | 20.6 | 2490 | 6.4 | 18.4 |
| Smoking history | ||||||
| Non-smoking | 8191 | 25.1 | 14.4 | 31 089 | 83.0 | 13.6 |
| Non-smoking now, quit before 5 years | 13 967 | 42.9 | 16.0 | 1232 | 3.3 | 16.4 |
| Non-smoking now, quit within 4 years | 2934 | 9.0 | 16.6 | 446 | 1.2 | 12.8 |
| Smoking | 6305 | 19.3 | 16.5 | 1130 | 3.0 | 14.9 |
| Missing | 2654 | 8.1 | 20.8 | 5073 | 13.5 | 18.7 |
| Frequency of going outside | ||||||
| Once to twice a month or less | 1905 | 5.6 | 48.5 | 2758 | 7.1 | 40.8 |
| One to three times a week | 10 397 | 30.5 | 19.7 | 16 099 | 41.3 | 16.2 |
| Almost everyday | 19 632 | 57.7 | 10.6 | 17 799 | 45.7 | 8.1 |
| Missing | 2117 | 6.2 | 22.8 | 2314 | 5.9 | 20.1 |
| Social isolation | ||||||
| Non-isolation | 21 650 | 66.4 | 12.7 | 29 475 | 78.7 | 11.8 |
| Moderately isolation | 10 038 | 30.8 | 20.7 | 6261 | 16.7 | 21.4 |
| Missing | 2363 | 7.3 | 28.6 | 3234 | 8.6 | 25.1 |
| Group participation in the community | ||||||
| Non | 16 011 | 47.0 | 18.3 | 14 364 | 36.9 | 19.7 |
| One | 5562 | 16.3 | 9.3 | 6376 | 16.4 | 6.8 |
| Over two | 5180 | 15.2 | 7.9 | 6412 | 16.5 | 5.4 |
| Missing | 7298 | 21.4 | 22.8 | 11 818 | 30.3 | 17.1 |
| Social support | ||||||
| Non | 617 | 1.8 | 17.0 | 305 | 0.8 | 21.3 |
| One | 1260 | 3.7 | 17.8 | 690 | 1.8 | 21.3 |
| Over two | 30 004 | 88.1 | 15.3 | 35 523 | 91.2 | 13.4 |
| Missing | 2170 | 6.4 | 26.7 | 2452 | 6.3 | 25.5 |
| Perception of community social cohesion | ||||||
| Non | 3312 | 9.7 | 18.4 | 4345 | 11.1 | 14.3 |
| One | 5001 | 14.7 | 13.7 | 6205 | 15.9 | 12.1 |
| Over two | 23 560 | 69.2 | 15.1 | 25 592 | 65.7 | 14.1 |
| Missing | 2178 | 6.4 | 29.5 | 2828 | 7.3 | 22.1 |
| Urbanisation | ||||||
| Rural | 10 594 | 32.5 | 18.0 | 13 169 | 35.2 | 16.2 |
| Suburban | 18 560 | 57.0 | 15.8 | 20 278 | 54.1 | 14.0 |
| Urban | 4897 | 15.0 | 11.9 | 5523 | 14.7 | 10.3 |