Table 2.
Selected female reproductive cancer risk factors among women with DM by disease subtype.
| DM1 (n = 242) | DM2 (n = 44) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Female reproductive factors | N responded | Mean (SD) or N (%) | N responded | Mean (SD) or N (%) | P-valuea | |
| Birth control pill use | 167 | 36 | 0.60b | |||
| Ever | 145 (86.8%) | 30 (83.3%) | ||||
| Never | 22 (13.2%) | 6 (16.7%) | ||||
| Years on birth control pill | 116 | 8.98 (7.9) | 29 | 7.79 (7.6) | 0.47 | |
| Fertility-related consultation | 152 | 35 | 0.36 | |||
| Ever | 56 (36.8%) | 10 (28.6%) | ||||
| Never | 96 (63.2%) | 25 (71.4%) | ||||
| Pregnancy | 225 | 42 | 0.34 | |||
| Ever | 149 (66.2%) | 31 (73.8%) | ||||
| Never | 76 (33.8%) | 11 (26.2%) | ||||
| Number of live births; mean (SD) | 126 | 1.95 (0.9) | 29 | 2.31 (1.2) | 0.15c | |
| 1 | 44 (34.9%) | 8 (27.6%) | 0.44c | |||
| 2–3 | 70 (55.6%) | 16 (55.2%) | ||||
| ≥4 | 12 (9.5%) | 5 (17.2%) | ||||
| Reason no menstrual period ≥6 months | 141 | 37 | 0.05 | |||
| Natural menopause as the reason | 46 (32.6%) | 16 (43.2%) | ||||
| Surgery to remove uterus or ovaries | 62 (44.0%) | 19 (51.4%) | ||||
| Other reasons | 33 (23.4%) | 2 (5.4%) | ||||
| Menopausal HT use | 213 | 44 | <0.0001 | |||
| Ever | 47 (22.1%) | 23 (52.3%) | ||||
| Never | 166 (77.9%) | 21 (47.7%) | ||||
| Years on menopausal HT | 42 | 8.19 (9.1) | 22 | 7.43 (8.4) | 0.75 | |
| Hysterectomyd | 224 | 43 | <0.01 | |||
| Ever | 66 (29.5%) | 23 (53.5%) | ||||
| Never | 158 (70.5%) | 20 (46.5%) | ||||
| Gynecologic tumor history | 232 | 43 | 0.28 | |||
| Benign onlye | 50 (21.6%) | 14 (32.6%) | ||||
| Malignant ± benigne | 10 (4.3%) | 2 (4.6%) | ||||
| No gynecologic tumor history | 172 (74.1%) | 27 (62.8%) | ||||
DM, myotonic dystrophy; SD, standard deviation.
t-test for continuous variables and chi-square test for categorical variables unless otherwise specified.
Fisher's exact test.
p-value comparing number of live births = 0.15; p-value comparing frequencies of 1, 2–3, ≥4 live births between DM1 and DM2 = 0.44.
Among N = 89 women who were hysterectomized, N = 56 women also reported a history of oophorectomy.
Benign only (n = 69 patients): uterine fibroid (n = 46), ovarian cysts (n = 33), uterine fibroid + ovarian cysts (n = 12), other gynecologic benign tumor (n = 4); malignant only (n = 7 patients): endometrial or uterine cancer (n = 3), ovarian cancer (n = 3), cervical cancer (n = 1); benign + malignant (n = 5 patients): ovarian cysts + cervical cancer (n = 1), ovarian cysts + endometrial or uterine cancer (n = 1), ovarian cysts + ovarian cancer (n = 1), uterine fibroids + ovarian cancer (n = 1), uterine fibroids, ovarian cysts + ovarian cancer (n = 1).