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. 2019 Sep 20;20(5):4634–4644. doi: 10.3892/mmr.2019.10693

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Copyright: © Patankar et al.

This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, reproduction and adaptation in any medium and for any purpose provided that it is properly attributed. For attribution, the original author(s), title, publication source (PeerJ) and either DOI or URL of the article must be cited.

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Figure 2. — Structural differences between native Caco-2 cells and Caco-2 cells transfected with mutated KRAS or BRAF. Confocal images of 10 day old 3D cell cultures, fixed and stained with DAPI (nuclear), TRITC-phalloidin (actin filaments). (A) Native Caco-2 cells formed cysts with retained apical-basal polarity of the cells as presented by regular polarized location of strong continuous actin staining at apical side. (B) Caco-2-BRAF cells showed solid structures with distorted actin staining and highly irregular polarity. Caco-2-KRAS cells showed two growth patterns. (C) Weak, irregular, focally absent apical staining for actin along with irregular polarity and some piling up of the cells was seen. (D) Cells formed 3D structures with filled lumen and irregular polarity, with notable actin staining in the most superficial parts of the cell cluster, and this organization indicating inverted polarity. Scale bar represents 20 µm. 3D, 3-dimensional.