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. 2019 Sep 30;116(42):20947–20952. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1907915116

Fig. 1.

Fig. 1.

A simplified diagram illustrating the cytosolic and chloroplastic pathways for de novo glycerolipid biosynthesis in Arabidopsis. Three modifications enabled palmitoyl (C16:0) groups (white bars) to be incorporated into the sn-2 (or β) position of TAG in developing seeds. (1) Retargeting of LPAT1 to the ER, (2) knock down of LPAT2 and (3) knock out of PDCT. C18:x, long-chain mono-, or polyunsaturated fatty acyl groups (black bars); C16:0 and C18:x groups (hatched bars); CoA, CoenzymeA; ACP, acyl carrier protein; G3P, glycerol-3-phosphate; 1-LPA, sn-1 lysophosphatidic acid; PA, phosphatidic acid, DAG, diacylglycerol, TAG, triacylglycerol; PC, phosphatidylcholine; 1-LPC, sn-1 lysophosphatidylcholine; FFA, free fatty acid; LPAT, 1-LPA acyltransferase; PDCT, PC:DAG cholinephosphotransferase.