Table 2.
Incidence rate ratio in each database and combined estimate of medications found to be associated with the risk of having parkinsonism in at least two databases
| Medication | Database | IRR (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|
| Armodafinil | Optum® | 0.75 (0.36–1.57) |
| CCAE | 0.18 (0.05–0.55) | |
| MDCR | 0.36 (0.15–0.8) | |
| MDCD | 0.64 (0.05–5.61) | |
| Combined | I2 = 28.7% | 0.44 (0.23–0.82) |
| Diphenhydramine | Optum® | 0.5 (0.28–0.86) |
| CCAE | 1.62 (0.62–4.51) | |
| MDCR | 0.54 (0.32–0.91) | |
| MDCD | 0.89 (0.59–1.33) | |
| Combined | I2 = 51.8% | 0.72 (0.47–1.09) |
| Isradipine | Optum® | 0.13 (0.01–0.58) |
| CCAE | 0.04 (0–0.28) | |
| MDCR | 1.29 (0.6–2.86) | |
| MDCD | 0 | |
| Combined | I2 = 78.2% | 0.26 (0.03–2.15) |
| Methylphenidate | Optum® | 0.6 (0.43–0.83) |
| CCAE | 0.79 (0.43–1.46) | |
| MDCR | 0.56 (0.39–0.79) | |
| MDCD | 0.92 (0.32–2.62) | |
| Combined | I2 = 0 | 0.61 (0.49–0.77) |
| Modafinil | Optum® | 0.6 (0.4–0.88) |
| CCAE | 0.25 (0.13–0.43) | |
| MDCR | 0.51 (0.37–0.69) | |
| MDCD | 0.95 (0.13–7.06) | |
| Combined | I2 = 55.6% | 0.459 (0.31–0.68) |
CCAE IBM MarketScan® Commercial Claims and Encounters Database, CI confidence interval, IRR incidence rate ratio, MDCD IBM MarketScan® Multi-State Medicaid Database, MDCR IBM MarketScan® Medicare Supplemental Database, Optum® Optum® De-Identified Clinformatics® Data Mart Database