Table 2.
Acquired carbapenem resistance: univariate analysis, categorical variables
| Total | No resistance (n = 62) |
Resistances (n = 16) |
p | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Males, n (%) | 58 (74.4%) | 45(72.6%) | 13 (81.2%) | 0.75 |
| Medical history, n (%) | ||||
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | 16 (20.5%) | 13 (21.0%) | 3 (18.8%) | 1 |
| Respiratory failure | 13 (16.7%) | 11 (17.7%) | 2 (12.5%) | 1 |
| Chronic heart failure | 18 (23.1%) | 16 (25.8%) | 2 (12.5%) | 0.34 |
| Myocardial infarction | 21 (26.9%) | 19 (30.6%) | 2 (12.5%) | 0.21 |
| Atrial fibrillation | 11 (14.1%) | 8 (12.9%) | 3 (18.8%) | 0.69 |
| Arterial hypertension | 37 (47.4%) | 30 (48.4%) | 7 (43.7%) | 0.79 |
| Neoplasia | 20 (25.6%) | 16 (25.8%) | 4 (25%) | 1 |
| Alcohol | 16 (20.5%) | 14 (22.6%) | 2 (12.5%) | 0.50 |
| Admission pattern, n (%) | ||||
| Medical | 31 (39.7%) | 25 (40.3%) | 6 (37.5%) | 1 |
| Polytrauma and postoperative patients | 45 (57.7%) | 35 (56.5%) | 10 (62.5%) | 0.78 |
| Type of infection, n (%) | ||||
| Ventilator-associated pneumonia | 27 (34.6%) | 21 (33.9%) | 6 (37.5%) | 0.78 |
| Community acquired pneumonia | 12 (15.4%) | 10 (16.1%) | 2 (12.5%) | 1 |
| Peritonitis | 9 (11.5%) | 5 (8.1%) | 4 (25.0%) | 0.08 |
| Bacteraemia | 14 (17.9%) | 12 (19.4%) | 2 (12.5%) | 0.8 |
| Data relating to stay in intensive care unit, n (%) | ||||
| Tracheotomy | 14 (17.9%) | 9 (14.5%) | 5 (31.2%) | 0.15 |
| ARDS | 12 (15.4%) | 8 (12.9%) | 4 (25.0%) | 0.25 |
| Non-invasive ventilation | 23 (29.5%) | 16 (25.8%) | 7 (43.7%) | 0.22 |
| Septic shock | 43 (55.1%) | 35 (56.5%) | 8 (50.0%) | 0.78 |
| Prior antibiotic therapy | 70 (89.7%) | 54 (87.1%) | 16 (100%) | 0.20 |
| Piperacillin-tazobactam | 49 (62.8%) | 37 (59.7%) | 12 (75.0%) | 0.39 |
| Aminoglycoside | 47 (60.3%) | 36 (58.1%) | 11 (68.7%) | 0.57 |
| Fluoroquinolone | 13 (16.7%) | 10 (16.1%) | 3 (18.8%) | 0.72 |
| Deaths in intensive care unit, n (%) | 25 (32.1%) | 21 (33.9%) | 4 (25%) | 0.56 |
| Death by septic shock, n (%) | 43 (55.1%) | 9 (25.7%) | 16 (37.2%) | 0.33 |
| Adequacy criteria, n (%) | ||||
| Empirical medical prescription | 62 (79.5%) | 51 (82.3%) | 11 (68.7%) | 0.30 |
| Therapeutic de-escalation | 20 (25.6%) | 16 (25.8%) | 4 (25%) | 1 |
| Re-evaluation during treatment | 57 (73.1%) | 43 (69.4%) | 14 (87.5%) | 0.21 |
| Appropriateness | 55 (70.5%) | 42 (67.7%) | 13 (81.2%) | 0.37 |
| Bacteriological data, n (%) | ||||
| Presence of P. aeruginosa before inclusion | 17 (21.8%) | 9 (14.5%) | 8 (50.0%) | 0.004 |
Data are expressed as median (confidence interval 95%) or counts (percentage). It is significant with p lower than 0.05