Table 1:
Neuromodulation of Matrix and Striosome Compartments
| Neurotransmitter /Receptor | Matrix | Compartmental Bias | Striosomes | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| •Multiphasic IPSCs in CINs | > | •Multiphasic IPSCs in CINs | ||
| Acetylcholine | •Monophasic IPSCs in CINs | < | •Monophasic IPSCs in CINs | Inoue et al., 2016 |
| •CIN induced pause in SPN spiking | < | •CIN induced pause in SPN spiking | Crittenden et al., 2017 | |
| Dopamine | •relative c-Fos expression in response to amphetamine or cocaine | < | •relative c-Fos expression in response to amphetamine or cocaine |
Canales et al., 2000 Crittenden et al., 2017 Salinas et al., 2016 |
| •Evoked DA release | > | •Evoked DA release | ||
| •Cocaine ↑ DA overflow | < | •Cocaine ↑ DA overflow | ||
| Glutamate/GABA | •sIPSCs Frequency & Amplitude | = | •sIPSCs Frequency & Amplitude | Smith et al., 2016 Prager et al., unpublished |
| •mEPSC Frequency & Amplitude | = | •mEPSC Frequency & Amplitude | ||
| •NMDA/AMPA Ratios (Proximal & distal spines) | = | •NMDA/AMPA Ratios (Proximal & distal spines) | ||
| μ-opioid receptor | • MOR + DOR expression minimal | < | • MORs in dSPNs & iSPNs, DORs in iSPNs |
Miura et al., 2007 Smith et al., 2016 Banghart et al., 2015 |
| •↓ EPSCs | = | •↓ EPSCs | ||
| • ENK (leu-ENK) has no effect on IPSCs in dSPNs & iSPNs | < | • ENK ↓ IPSCs (both striosomes & exo-patch neurons) ◆↓ IPSCs mediated by MORs and DORs ◆↓ IPSCs in dSPNs > iSPNs ◆DORs reduce collateral inhibition of dSPNs by iSPNs, subsequently disinhibiting dSPNs |
||
| Substance P | •No change in DA release | < | •↑ DA release in striosome center | Brimblecombe et al., 2015 |
| •↓ DA release in striosome boundaries |